Neural Correlates of Active Avoidance Learning and Their Interactions With Fear Extinction Mechanisms in PTSD Patients
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 300
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Skin Conductance Response (SCR)
研究概览
简要总结
The purpose of this research study is to study how the brain learns to avoid certain stimuli or situations using an experimental paradigm. The big goal is to measure brain responses and subject's feelings and expectations when they are learning to actively avoid experimental stimuli, and how fear extinction learning and monetary cost can change how and when subjects are to avoid.
详细描述
This study aims to study the neural correlates of avoidance learning using a recently validated conditioning and active avoidance paradigm (CAAP). The overarching objective is to measure the neural correlates of active avoidance, and how fear extinction learning and monetary cost modulate these avoidance responses. Participants will include healthy controls (HC), trauma-exposed healthy controls (TEHC), and participants with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Avoidance is common and often hinders the progression and success of extinction-based exposure therapy in PTSD. The data to be gathered in this study will enable us to probe neural mechanisms of avoidance, extinction, and decision-making to avoid or not, in addition to understanding the impact of cost on avoidance decision-making. These data will provide a more integrated platform for the understanding of the mechanisms of avoidance in both trauma-exposed healthy controls and PTSD psychopathology, which has important implications for treatment.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 70 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •18 - 70 years of age
- •Female or Male
- •Inclusion Criteria: PTSD Subjects
- •a. Diagnosis of current PTSD
- •Inclusion Criteria: Trauma-exposed healthy controls (TEHC)
- •SCID diagnosis consistent with no current psychiatric disorders, and no current PTSD
- •History of trauma exposure
- •Inclusion Criteria: Healthy controls (HC)
- •SCID diagnosis consistent with no current psychiatric disorders ("Axis I" disorders).
- •No history of trauma exposure
- •Willing and able to provide informed consent.
排除标准
- •for ALL subjects:
- •History of neurologic disease (e.g. tic disorder)
- •Current significant suicidal ideation, plan or intent or suicidal behavior in past 6 months based on CSSRS or Self-injurious behavior that involves suicidal intent, requires medical attention, or occurs daily
- •History of seizure or significant head trauma
- •History of the serious/significant psychiatric diagnosis ("Axis I" disorders)
- •Use of neuroleptics within one year prior to study
- •Current substance use (assessed by urine toxicology; positive urine toxicology screen for any substance, with the exception of THC). Per PI judgement and approval: if urine toxicology is positive for a substance, participant may be eligible to proceed with study provided their urine toxicology (or saliva test for THC) is negative at experimental visit(s)
- •Pregnancy (to be ruled out by urine ß-HCG)
- •Metallic implants or devices contraindicating magnetic resonance imaging
- •High risk of adverse emotional or behavioral reaction, and/or an inability to understand study procedures or the informed consent process
- •Additional exclusion criteria for Trauma-exposed healthy controls (TEHC) group and Healthy controls (HC) group:
- •Current psychiatric diagnosis ("Axis I" diagnoses)
研究组 & 干预措施
Emotional learning paradigm
After the initial screening / baseline assessment visit, participants will undergo two Experimental Visits, which include participation in an emotional learning paradigm and an fMRI scan over the course of two consecutive days. Participants will be asked to look at pictures on a computer screen to measure physiological response physiological response (skin conductance response) and brain responses using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) machine. These two visits will be scheduled within a month from the baseline assessment visit.
干预措施: Fear Conditioning (Behavioral)
Emotional learning paradigm
After the initial screening / baseline assessment visit, participants will undergo two Experimental Visits, which include participation in an emotional learning paradigm and an fMRI scan over the course of two consecutive days. Participants will be asked to look at pictures on a computer screen to measure physiological response physiological response (skin conductance response) and brain responses using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) machine. These two visits will be scheduled within a month from the baseline assessment visit.
干预措施: Avoidance conditioning (Other)
Emotional learning paradigm
After the initial screening / baseline assessment visit, participants will undergo two Experimental Visits, which include participation in an emotional learning paradigm and an fMRI scan over the course of two consecutive days. Participants will be asked to look at pictures on a computer screen to measure physiological response physiological response (skin conductance response) and brain responses using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) machine. These two visits will be scheduled within a month from the baseline assessment visit.
干预措施: Pavlovian fear extinction learning (Other)
Emotional learning paradigm
After the initial screening / baseline assessment visit, participants will undergo two Experimental Visits, which include participation in an emotional learning paradigm and an fMRI scan over the course of two consecutive days. Participants will be asked to look at pictures on a computer screen to measure physiological response physiological response (skin conductance response) and brain responses using a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) machine. These two visits will be scheduled within a month from the baseline assessment visit.
干预措施: Willingness to pay to avoid shock (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Skin Conductance Response (SCR)
时间窗: Experimental Day 1, Experimental Day 2
Skin Conductance Response (SCR) assesses the stress/seat level, or level of anxiety in a particular moment, or in response to a specific cue. SCR will be reported in microsiemens.
Functional MRI (fMRI) responses
时间窗: Experimental Day 1, Experimental Day 2
fMRI data, including blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses, is used in neuroimaging studies assess neural correlate activations and observe the increase/decrease in activation of a particular brain area in response to a specific cue.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Mohammed Milad
Professor
The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston