Comparative evaluation of submerged versus Non submerged dental implants a clinicoradiographic study Randomized controlled clinical trial

This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to comparatively evaluate submerged and non-submerged dental implants using clinical and radiographic parameters. A total of 14 patients with bilateral missing posterior teeth (28 implant sites) will be included in the study conducted at the Department of Periodontology, Rural Dental College, Loni. Each patient will receive both implant protocols using a split-mouth design with random allocation by lottery method.

In the test group, non-submerged implants with immediate gingival former placement will be performed, while in the control group, submerged implants with cover screw placement will be done. Clinical parameters including peri-implant probing depth, mucosal thickness, and width of attached gingiva will be assessed at baseline and 3 months postoperatively. Radiographic evaluation of marginal bone levels and crestal bone loss will be performed using standardized intraoral periapical radiographs. Secondary outcomes such as post-operative pain (VAS score), post-operative complications, cumulative surgical time, and number of surgical interventions will also be recorded.

The study duration will be 24 months following ethical approval. The objective is to determine whether non-submerged implants provide comparable or superior clinical, radiographic, and patient-related outcomes compared to submerged implants.