The Effect of Nutrition Education on the Consumption of Green Leafy Vegetables and Legumes and the Potential Impact on Nutrition in the Accra Metropolitan Area, Ghana
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 360
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Change in mean Nutritional Knowledge from baseline to endline
研究概览
简要总结
The main purpose of this observational study is to determine the effect of nutrition education on the knowledge and behaviour of households towards the consumption of green leafy vegetables, legumes and vitamin C-rich fruits and its influence on haemoglobin levels of (households) mothers, fathers and children. The questions it aimed to answer are:
- What is the effect of nutrition education on knowledge, attitude and practice towards the consumption of green leafy vegetables and legumes among households in Ayawso Central Municipality?
- What are the consumption patterns of green leafy vegetables, legumes and vitamin C -rich fruits among households in Ayawso Central Municipality?
- What is the iron, β-carotene, vitamin C and antinutritional contents of the commonly consumed green leafy vegetables and legumes in Ayawso Central Municipality?
- Is iron bioaccessible in the commonly consumed green leafy vegetables and legumes in Ayawso Central Municipality?
- What is the haemoglobin level of participants at baseline and end line in Ayawso Central Municipality?
The study will address knowledge, attitude and the low intake of these nutrient-rich foods and the high prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia/ anaemia among women, children and men through nutrition education and also examine the iron content and iron bioaccessibility in the indigenous green leafy vegetables and legumes that participants consume.
Participants are aware of indigenous green leafy vegetables, legumes and vitamin C-rich fruits in their environment; however, they do not consume them frequently. They will answer questions on knowledge, attitude and practices towards these foods during the six months study and have their haemoglobin levels determine.
详细描述
Background Green leafy vegetables and legumes are important sources of essential nutrients such as dietary fibre, protein, vitamins, minerals (including iron, zinc, and calcium) and phytochemicals required for growth and development. Despite their nutritional benefits, the consumption of these foods remains low in many parts of the world, including Ghana. A significant barrier to the low consumption of these vital foods is inadequate knowledge and awareness regarding their nutrient content and health importance.
Recent evidence suggests that consumption of green leafy vegetables and legumes has the potential to improve iron status and alleviate iron deficiency anaemia and hidden hunger among women and children. Iron is an essential micronutrient for human health throughout the life cycle. Its deficiency results in iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) which constitutes a major public health problem worldwide, affecting women of reproductive age and children but mostly predominant in the developing.
Globally, about 614 million women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and 280 million children are anaemic, with iron deficiency being a principal cause. However, in Africa, the highest prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia cases are found in Central and West Africa where about 71% of children under five years are anaemic.
Problem statement Inadequate consumption of green leafy vegetables and legumes is prevalent among households in Accra, Ghana, leading to a high prevalence of diet-related diseases and deficiencies such as anaemia, iron and vitamin A deficiency, hypertension, diabetes, overweight and obesity. The World Health Organization recommended the intake of 400g (5 servings; 80g per serving) of vegetables and 160g of legumes per day . However, according to recent studies, majority of Ghanaians do not meet the recommended intake of vegetables and legumes, and this can be attributed to insufficient nutrition education. Inadequate nutrition education about the health benefits of foods containing essential nutrients results in their low consumption.
In Ghana, the prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) remains a significant public health concern. Specifically, about 51% of pregnant women, 40% of non-pregnant women and 49% of children under-five years were reported to be anaemic in 2022 .This high prevalence is notably attributed to iron deficiency, mainly resulting from inadequate dietary consumption.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 6 Years 至 49 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •• Couples with a child between 6-10 years'
- •The woman is between ages 15-49 years.
- •Couples will be staying within the selected community for at least 6 months after the recruitment.
排除标准
- •• Single parents in the study community
- •Bachelors and spinsters
- •Couples without children.
- •Married women 14 years or below and 50 years or more
- •Couples with children below or above the ages of 6-10 years.
- •Couples who fall within the inclusion criteria but have the intension of relocating from the study community within the study period.
结局指标
主要结局
Change in mean Nutritional Knowledge from baseline to endline
时间窗: From enrollment to end of intervention at 6 months
Nutritional Knowledge will be meansured using questionnaire. An adapted knowledge score scale (0, 1: where 0 is the least and 1 highest) will be used in scoring the participants knowledge. Participants score 1 if the answer knowledge question correctly and will score zero if they get the question wrong. There will be 11 questions on nutritional knowledge, if participants answer 9 and above questions correctly (80% and above) , they will be described as having good knowledge, 6-8 correct answers (50-70%) will be moderate knowledge while 0-5 (\< 50%) correct answers will be poor knowledge. Data will be collected three times (baseline, midline and endline). The mean difference will be established based on p-value \< 0.05 using repeated ANOVA
Change in mean Nutritional Attitude will be measuered from baseline to end line 6 months
时间窗: From enrollment to the end of the intervention at 6 months
A questionnaire will be used collect data on Nutritional Attitude at baseline, midline and endline. To measure change in nutritional attitude towards the consumption of green leafy vegetables, legumes and vitamin C rich fruits, two categories will be created: good attitude and poor attitude. A median score will be used to measure change in attitude based on seven (7) attitudinal questions. Participants who surpased the median score of the 7 questions will be described as having good attitude while those who score below the median will be described as having poor attidude. The mean difference will be established based on p-value \< 0.05 in repeated measures using ANOVA
Change in mean will be measured for Nutritional Practice from baseline to end line at 6 months
时间窗: From enrollment to the end of the intervention at 6 months
A questionnaire will be used to measure the change in Nutritional Practice of participants. The measurement will be done using an adapted nutritional practice scale of 0 and 1, with 1 for a correct answer and 0 for a wrong answer. There will be 23 nutritional practice questions divided into 7 sections, and there will be two categorie; good or poor practice. Participants who score 16 out of 23 questions correctly (70%) and above will be classified as having good practice while those who score less than 16 out of the 23 questions correctly will be classified as having poor practice. Data will be collected at three time points: baseline, midline and endline. Mean difference will be established using repeated ANOVA and p-value \< 0.05
Differences in the mean of chemical compositions of the indigenous green leafy vegetables and legumes will be measured during the study
时间窗: This will be done at the end of the nutrition education intervention at 6 months
The commonly consumed green leafy vegetables and legumes consumed by intervention group participants will be analysed in the laboratory to determine their chemical composition and iron bioaccessibity in them. The quantities of nutrients and iron bioaccessibility will be measure in mg/ 100g.One way ANOVA will be used to establish the mean differences in the vegetables and legumes at p-value \< 0.005.
次要结局
- Change in the frequency of consumption of green leafy vegetables and legumes will be measured from baseline to end line at 6 months(From enrollment to end line at 6 months)
- Change in mean haemoglobin levels will be measured at baseline and endline at 6 months(At enrollment and endline at 6 months)
研究者
Patience Atitsogbey
Principal Investigator
University of Ghana