Acetaminophen and Post Circumcision Pain Control
试验速览
- 阶段
- 4 期
- 状态
- 终止
- 入组人数
- 11
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS)
研究概览
简要总结
Infants do not routinely receive acetaminophen for pain control after circumcision. This study will determine if acetaminophen is effective at controlling infant pain after circumcision using nerve block and oral dextrose. Infants will undergo the routine circumcision procedure, and half will be randomly selected to receive half acetaminophen immediately at the end of the procedure. Afterwards, infant's vitals signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation), the neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), and salivary cortisol levels will be checked in regular intervals up to 4 hours. The NIPS is a validated pain scoring system based on the appearance of the infant. A reduction in NIPS for those infants who receive acetaminophen versus nothing will be the primary outcome to determine if the study is significant.
详细描述
Male circumcision is a common surgical procedure performed in the newborn period. The American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Circumcision recently published an update on circumcision policy stating the benefits of male circumcision outweigh the risks. Given this update, the investigators anticipate a percentage of families who were previously undecided about circumcision will choose to have their newborn circumcised. A common concern for both parents and physicians is effective pain control. For intra-operative pain control, dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) has been found to be the most effective when compared to EMLA (lidocaine-prilocaine) or placebo. Acetaminophen is a relatively safe, easy to administer analgesic. Prior studies have suggested that acetaminophen could be helpful in postoperative comfort. However, studies examining the effectiveness of acetaminophen for postoperative pain control in infants who received DPNB are lacking. In addition, prior studies have been incomplete in the assessment of neonatal pain.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Double (Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 10 Hours 至 36 Hours（Child）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Healthy newborns between 36-42 weeks gestational age Admitted to the well baby nursery who's parents are requesting circumcision. Eligibility includes
- •Apgar score at 5 minutes >7
- •birthweight greater than 2.4 kg
- •Age of at least 10 hours
- •At least one void.
排除标准
- •Newborns of substance abusing mothers.
- •Newborns with any contraindications to routine circumcision, anatomical or hematologic.
研究组 & 干预措施
Acetaminophen Arm
Acetaminophen 15 mg/kg PO solution administered via syringe one time immediately post circumcision.
干预措施: Acetaminophen (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS)
时间窗: Baseline and 4 hours
The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) is a behavioral scale and can be utilized with both full-term and pre-term infants. The tool uses the behaviors that nurses have described as being indicative of infant pain or distress. It is composed of six (6) indicators: facial expression, cry, breathing patterns, arms, legs and state of arousal. Each behavioral indicator is scored with 0 or 1 except "cry", which has three possible descriptors therefore, being scored with a 0, 1 or 2. Infants are observed for one minute in order to fully assess each indicator. Total pain scores range from 0-7, with a score of 0-2 indicating mild to no pain and no suggested intervention (better outcome) to a score \>4 indicating severe pain, suggesting non-pharmacological and/or pharmacological interventions may be needed.
次要结局
- Change in Salivary Cortisol Rise(Baseline and 4 hours)
- Heart Rate(Baseline and 4 hours)
- Respiratory Rate(Baseline and 4 hours)
- Pulse Oximetry(Baseline 4 hours)