Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on Amelioration of Pain Associated With Primary Dysmenorrhea in Female Undergraduates of a Nigerian University
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 25
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Visual analogue scale
研究概览
简要总结
Dysmenorrhoea is a common problem in women of reproductive age. It is associated with painful uterine contractions and discomfort. The primary aim of the study was to determine the effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on pain intensity associated with primary dysmenorrhoea among female undergraduate students of Obafemi Awolowo University.
The study involved 50 females undergraduates of Obafemi Awolowo University with primary dysmenorrhoea lasting for at least 5 days. They were allocated in to two groups equally. One group was treated with TENS and other group served as control. The treatment was for 5 days and Pain intensity was measured before and after the treatment in the two groups. The post treatment pain intensity was then compared.
详细描述
Subjects
Participants for this study were female undergraduates of OAU presenting with primary dysmenorrhoea.
Sample size determination
Sample size calculation was performed using the following equation: n = (Z2 P (1-P))/(d2), where n = sample size, Z = Z statistic corresponding to a chosen level of confidence, P = expected prevalence, and d = precision. In the calculation; Z will be= 0.9, P= 0.19 and d= 0.05. This calculation will result in a sample size of 50. TENS will be applied for 25 participants and 25 for control.
Sampling technique
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 16 Years 至 30 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Participants with primary dysmenorrhoea, who is single, between the ages of 16 to 30 and have no history of conception, the primary dysmenorrhoea should be at least for five days.
排除标准
- •Individuals presenting with pelvic diseases.
- •Individuals with cardiac problem.
- •Undergraduate with primary dysmenorrhoea but with history of conception.
- •Undergraduate with primary dysmenorrhoea currently using analgesia for pain relief.
- •Undergraduate with primary dysmenorrhoea not up to five days.
研究组 & 干预措施
TENS
It consists of 25 subjects with primary dysmenorrhea which were put on TENS for 30 minutes, three for 3 days. The subject were placed in supine lying in a comfortable position as possible. The abdomen to the inguinal region were decently exposed and cleaned, after inspection of the area for cuts, skin infections or any abnormalities. A pair of electrodes ( inactive electrodes) will be placed a little below the umbilicus ( Right and Left) and the other pair(active electrode) along the inguinal region at the level of pubic symphysis ( Right and Left) according to (Akinbo et al 2000). A quadripolar method will be used for electrode placement.
干预措施: TENS (Other)
Control
These are 25 subjects which were not in any intervention. These were subjects that were not placed on TENS and were not used to drug taken for the amelioration of the dysmenorrhea. They were educated on the purpose of research and their inform consent was obtained. Their pain intensity was measured firs, third and 5th days
结局指标
主要结局
Visual analogue scale
时间窗: 5 days
The scale is from 0-5. 0 is no pain 3 is severe pain and 5 is excruciating pain
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Adesola Ojo Ojoawo
Dr (Senior Lecturer
Obafemi Awolowo University