Etude de l'INflammation systémique de Bas GRade Chez Les Patients Adultes Atteints de PHénylcétonurie

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic hereditary disease due to lack of activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase. This lack of activity whom origin is genetic, results in chronic hyperphenylalaninemia, toxic to central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Without treatment, PKU is responsible for mental retardation in children.

PKU is subject to systematic screening at birth and if diagnosis is confirmed a specific diet controlled in phenylalanine is prescribed for infant. This diet allows a neurodevelopment as closed as healthy infant. Despite this diet, neurological and systemic complications are more often reported at adult age. It is therefore recommended to follow patient regularly in order to search for those complications.

In a PKU murine model, it has been shown (cf references) that a low grade systematic inflammation exists and was reversible after dietetic treatment using glycomacropeptide (through a probiotic effect of this protein naturally phenylalanine free). Existence of this low grade systematic inflammation, evaluated by plasmatic cytokine screening (TNF alpha IL2, IL6, IL10, IFNgamma, IL1Alpha, IL1Beta and protein C reactive) has not been proven in humans to date.

Primary outcome of this study is to characterize this low grade systemic inflammation profile in patient with PKU.