Incidence, Clinical Management and Molecular Factors Associated With the Development of Immune-related Adverse Events in Cancer Patients Receiving PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibitors: a Prospective Observational Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 200
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Incidence of irAEs
研究概览
简要总结
The recent introduction of anti-PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and anti- PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab) immune checkpoint inhibitors revolutionized oncological guidelines. Durable responses and prolongation of survival with these agents come at the price of the development of immune related adverse events (irAEs). Innovative tools are required in order to manage irAEs and to prevent their potential relapse, with the goal to improve the outcome of patients. In this regard, the Investigators aim to develop a multidisciplinary clinical pathway for cancer patients that are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
详细描述
Recent evidences in immuno-oncology showed an important role of the immune system in tumor control. In fact, immune response, both innate and adaptive one, is the first defensive mechanism against cancer. However, several tumors, during their progression, develop an immune-tolerance characterized by the activation of immune inhibitory pathways including PD-1 and PD-L1.
The recent introduction of anti-PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab) immune checkpoint inhibitors revolutionized oncological guidelines.
Currently, the aforementioned agents are approved for the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the number of treatment indications for immune checkpoint inhibitors is expanding. Durable responses and prolongation of survival with these agents come at the price of the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
Immune-related adverse events are due to the loss of immune-tolerance towards structures of the self, with the induction of chronic inflammation with an autoimmune mechanism that can involve numerous organs and systems. The most frequent irAEs reported in clinical trials are represented by skin toxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, endocrine toxicity, pulmonary toxicity, and others such as polymyalgia rheumatica, polyarthritis, myositis, nephritis, polyradiculoneuritis, encephalitis and myocarditis.
The irAEs reported in clinical trials with nivolumab amount to a maximum of 85% considering all grade of toxicities, while approximately 75% of patients treated with pembrolizumab presented irAEs. Grade 3/4 irAEs were reported in 10% of patients treated with anti-PD-1. With atezolizumab fewer patients had treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events (15%).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Adult patients above 18 years of age;
- •Cyto-histological diagnosis of one of the following cancers:
- •advanced melanoma;
- •metastatic or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer;
- •advanced renal cell carcinoma;
- •metastatic or locally advanced urotelial carcinoma;
- •squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck;
- •Hodgkin lymphoma;
- •Merkel-cell carcinoma;
- •New prescription of one of the following PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors:
- •pembrolizumab
- •atezolizumab
- •durvalumab alone or in combination therapy, following the indications of the Italian regulatory agency (AIFA).
排除标准
- •Patients that refuse and/or are not able to sign the Informed Consent;
- •Parents/guardians or subjects who, in the opinion of the Investigator, may be noncompliant with study schedules or procedures;
- •No contraindications to the treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, following the indications of the Italian regulatory agency (AIFA).
- •Subjects that do not meet all of the enrollment criteria may not be enrolled.
结局指标
主要结局
Incidence of irAEs
时间窗: 24 months
To determine the incidence and the characteristics of irAEs in a real-world setting
Risk factors for irAEs
时间窗: 24 months
To determine the risk factors for the development of irAEs
Impact of irAEs
时间窗: 24 months
To determine the impact of irAEs on patients' prognosis
Therapies of irAEs
时间窗: 24 months
To determine the effect of immunosuppressive therapies on tumor progression and patient's prognosis
次要结局
- Clinical care pathway(24 months)
- Quality of life(24 months)
- Biomarkers(24 months)
- Exploratory analyses(24 months)
研究者
Armando Gabrielli
Full Professor
Università Politecnica delle Marche