Ceftaroline Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Ceftaroline fosamil is a time-dependent, hydrophilic, bactericidal fifth generation cephalosporin that was FDA approved in 2010 for community acquired pneumonia and skin and skin structure infections. Ceftaroline is FDA approved for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Gram-positive organisms covered are Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive strains), Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Gram-negative coverage includes Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenza, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Klebsiella oxytoca. In order for ceftaroline to exhibit effective bacterial killing, it requires that a certain percentage of the dosing interval is spent above the MIC.

Dosing of ceftaroline in patients with chronic kidney disease is defined, but there is no data on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The purpose of this study is to determine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ceftaroline in a critically ill patient population receiving CRRT, in order to define a dosing recommendation in this population. CRRT modes that patients may be receiving in this trial include: continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH), continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD), and continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF).