Trait Versus State: The Differential Impact of Personality Traits, Coping Behaviors and Cognitions on Depression and Anxiety
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 4,000
- 主要终点
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7
研究概览
简要总结
The present study aims to investigate the differential impact of different types of variables on depression and anxiety. In particular, the impact of trait-variables (i.e., personality measured with the brief Big Five Inventory (BFI-10)) are contrasted against state-variables, including unhelpful coping behavior (measured with CAS-1) and cognitions including positive metacognitions and negative metacognitions (both measured with CAS-1).
Personality is defined as a set of traits that is relatively consistent over time and situation, and is subsequently less susceptible as a target mechanisms for therapy. Still, researchers have devoted great efforts toward describing personality traits as related to different psychopathological disorders. Consequently, the present study aims to investigate the differential associations of traits (i.e., personality) versus state variables (metacognitions and coping behaviors) on depression and anxiety.
The findings of the present study will provide important insights in finding important associations between trait and state variables in relation to psychopathology, providing an important foundation for further directional investigations with temporal data
Hypothesis 1: Neuroticism measured with (BFI-10), positive metacognitions, negative metacognitions, and unhelpful coping strategies (the latter three measured with CAS-1), will predict higher levels of depression and anxiety.
Research Question 1: How and to what extent are different traits related measured with BFI-10 related to depression and anxiety in the present pandemic sample?
Research Question 2: Are the trait or state variables most strongly associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms? This question will be investigated using part correlations in the multiple regression analyses.
详细描述
Hypothesis 1: Neuroticism measured with (BFI-10), positive metacognitions, negative metacognitions, and unhelpful coping strategies (the latter three measured with CAS-1), will predict higher levels of depression and anxiety.
Research Question 1: How and to what extent are different traits related measured with BFI-10 related to depression and anxiety in the present pandemic sample?
Research Question 2: Are the trait or state variables most strongly associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms? This question will be investigated using part correlations in the multiple regression analyses.
Statistical analysis:
Two hierarchical regression analyses will be conducted. 1) with PHQ-9 as the dependent variable; and 2) the second with GAD-7 at as the dependent variable. Both analyses will include the following variables and the following steps: In step 1, the demographic variables age, gender, and education will be included in the model. In step 2 two, the trait-variables (i.e., all five personality traits measured with BFI-10) will be included. In the final step, the three state-variables positive metacognitions, negative metacognitions (CAS-1), and unhelpful coping strategies (CAS-1) will be included.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Other
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Eligible participants are all adults including those of 18 years and above,
- •Who are currently living in Norway and thus experiencing identical NPIs, and
- •Who will provide digital consent to partake in the study.
排除标准
- •Children and adolescents (individuals below 18)
- •Adults not residing in Norway during the measurement period
结局指标
主要结局
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7
时间窗: Data is set to be collected starting from 22nd of June until enough data has been collected. The data collection period will last no longer than three weeks
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7; Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams \& Löwe, 2006) is a questionnaire consisting of seven items measuring symptoms of anxiety and worry. The items are scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), with the scores ranging from 0 to 21. Specific cut-off for Norwegian samples have been found yielding a cut-off of 8 and above for high sensitivity and specificity (Johnson, Ulvenes, Øktedalen \& Hoffart, 2019).
Patient Health Questionnaire 9
时间窗: Data is set to be collected starting from 22nd of June until enough data has been collected. The data collection period will last no longer than three weeks
The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer \& Williams, 2001) is used to measure symptoms of depression in accordance with the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder. The questionnaire consists of nine items where each is scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), with the range of scores from 0 to 27. Higher scores indicate greater depression severity, and scores above 10 are considered as the cut-off that indicating that the patient is within the depressive area
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Omid V. Ebrahimi
Principal investigator
University of Oslo