The Effect of Cold Water Immersion on Recovery and Performance in NCAA Division I Athletes
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 75
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Heart-rate variability
研究概览
简要总结
In this study, the investigators will examine the effect of cold-water immersion (CWI) on objective and subjective recovery metrics, as well as simple performance metrics, in National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Division I Men's and Women's Volleyball players, Men's Football players, and Men's and Women's Cross Country runners. This is a cohort cross-over study that will take place over the course of four weeks during an intensive training cycle. Participants will wear a WHOOP monitoring device on their wrists at all times during the study period. The two-week intervention will consist of ten minutes of CWI to take place within one hour of the completion of the last training session of the day. The target water temperature will be 55 degrees Fahrenheit, and each participant will complete five sessions of CWI per week (for a total of ten sessions over the two-week intervention phase). Objective recovery measures will include heart rate variability, resting heart rate, total sleep time, slow wave sleep time, sleep consistency, blood oxygenation, and nocturnal skin temperature, all of which will be collected continuously by the WHOOP monitoring device. Subjective recovery measures will include three surveys to be completed daily, including the Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness, the Total Quality Recovery Scale, and the Single-Item Sleep Questionnaire. Performance measures will include a counter-movement jump to be completed two times per week, an isometric mid-thigh pull to be completed once per week, and a drop jump to be completed once per week. These outcome measures will similarly be collected during the two-week control period, during which participants will not have access to CWI following training sessions.
详细描述
This is a cohort cross-over design that will take place over four weeks during an intensive training cycle. The study population will be randomized into two cohorts. The first cohort will begin with the control phase and then transition to the intervention phase. The second cohort will begin with the intervention phase and then transition to the control phase.
Control phase:
Participants will complete normal training sessions over a 14-day period and will not have access to cold water immersion (CWI) during this time.
Intervention phase:
Participants will complete normal training sessions over a 14-day period. They will complete a session of CWI within one hour of finishing the last training session of the day. CWI will consist of ten minutes of submersion to the neck in a cold-water tub with a target temperature of 55 degrees Fahrenheit (daily temperatures will be recorded at the time of each session). The acceptable range for the CWI protocol will be from 53-57 degrees Fahrenheit. The immersion process will not be completed if the temperature of the water is outside of this range. Participants will complete five sessions per week, with a total of 10 sessions to be completed over the 14-day intervention.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- None
盲法说明
Collected data will be stored and managed using REDCap secure web-based database management system. Any personally identifiable information will be coded.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Male and female student-athletes aged 18 years or older
- •Currently enrolled at UCLA and participating in the following National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Varsity sports: Men's and Women's Volleyball, Football, Men's and Women's Cross Country.
排除标准
- •Must meet above inclusion criteria.
- •Unable to complete the required physical testing due to injury or other impairment.
- •Age less than 18 years old at time of enrollemnt
- •Open wounds or broken skin
- •History of hypersensitivity to cold, including but not limited to Raynaud's phenomenon, cold urticaria, cryoglobulinemia, and paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
- •Under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
研究组 & 干预措施
Cold water immersion phase.
Participants completed scheduled post-training cold water immersion during assigned intervention periods.
干预措施: Cold water immersion pool. (Device)
Control phase.
Participants completed normal training without scheduled post-training cold water immersion during assigned control periods.
结局指标
主要结局
Heart-rate variability
时间窗: Four week time period
As measured by WHOOP 4.0 wrist device
Heart-rate Variability
时间窗: Four week time period
As measured by WHOOP 4.0 wrist device.
次要结局
- Resting heart rate(Four week time period)
- Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull(Four week time period)
- Blood Oxygenation(Four week time period)
- Nocturnal Skin Temperature(Four week time period)
- Total Sleep Time(Four week time period)
- Slow Wave Sleep Time(Four week time period)
- Sleep Consistency(Four week time period)
- Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness(Four week time period)
- Total Quality Recovery Scale(Four week time period)
- Single Item Sleep Questionnaire(Four week time period)
- Counter Movement Jump(Four week time period)
- Drop Jump(Four week time period)
- Resting Heart Rate(Four week time period)
研究者
Joshua T. Goldman, MD, MBA
Associate Professor in the Departments of Family Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery
University of California, Los Angeles