A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Evaluation of Enhanced Care Management With Community Supports, Transitional Care, and Residential Care Coordination for High-Risk Medi-Cal Members Under CalAIM in California

California Advancing and Innovating Medi-Cal (CalAIM) initiative emphasizes person-centered care, integration across medical and social services, and support for members with complex clinical and social needs. Within this framework, Enhanced Care Management provides high-touch community-based care management, while Population Health Management requires Transitional Care Services to support members through discharge and follow-up. Community Supports may include medically appropriate substitute services such as recuperative care, short-term post-hospitalization housing, and supports related to nursing facility transition or diversion to assisted living and other community settings (Source: Department of Health Care Service (DHCS) Population Health Management (PHM) Policy Guide, DHCS Transitional Care Services (TCS) for Medi-Cal Members with Long-Term Services and Supports (LTSS) Resource, DHCS Community Supports Fact Sheet).

The study will prospectively compare two implementation approaches at the cluster level. Clusters assigned to the intervention will deliver a structured, comprehensive care bundle, including an assigned Enhanced Care Management (ECM) care manager, a discharge-transition workflow, medication-reconciliation support, timely ambulatory follow-up, community-support referral and activation, and residential stabilization or transition coordination, where indicated. Control clusters will continue usual CalAIM operations without the enhanced standardized bundle. The hypothesis is that comprehensive integration of these elements will reduce 30-day readmissions and emergency department utilization while improving community stability and total cost of care.