Randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of dietary intervention and resistance exercises on changes in skeletal muscle strength, mass and function in Type 2 Diabetes patients with Dynapenia and Sarcopenia

a.    Background: Sarcopenia describesdeclines in muscle mass and strength and has been implicated as both a causeand consequence of T2DM. T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance, increasedadvanced glycation end products (AGEs), a proinflammatory phenotype andoxidative stress, which can lead to micro- and macro-vascular complications whichmay lead to losses in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, potentiallyleading to the development of dynapenia and sarcopenia

b.    Novelty: this is a first intervention which includesdietary and resistant exercise for management of dynapenia/sarcopenia in type 2diabetes subjects on Indian population.

c.     **Objectives:**Tocompare the effect of dietary intervention (DI) with resistance exercise (RE)verses standard diet (SD) and standard exercise (SE) and in other arm effect ofdietary intervention (DI) with standard exercise (SE) verses standard diet (SD)and resistance exercise (SE) on skeletal muscle mass and function and physicalperformance in type 2 diabetes subjects with Dynapenia or sarcopenia. Glycemia,lipids profile, insulin sensitivity and subclinical inflammation, adherence tothe intervention will also be compared in each group.

d.    Methods: The study is a 3-armed randomized controlled trialwhere combination of dietary intervention, resistance exercise and standarddiet and standard exercise will be compared. Total 150 subjects will berecruited with 50 subjects in each arm.

***e.***Expected outcome: Acombination of dietary intervention along with resistance exercises is likelyto result in improved muscle mass and function in sarcopenic individuals. Thisin turn will be helpful in improving metabolic abnormalities such as insulinresistance, dyslipidemia and dysglycemia.