Effects of Smart Eccentric Exercise Training on Lymphocyte Immunity and Erythrocyte Rheology in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background： The pathological process of COPD is often accompanied by a decrease in the number and distribution of immune cells in the blood, resulting in immune dysfunction, persistent, multiple infections, and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, the high oxidative stress induced by COPD may also depress the rheological properties of erythrocytes and cause secondary circulatory dysfunction. However, ventilatory limitation and decreased muscle function in COPD patients limit the patients to perform higher-effort exercise therapy. Compared with concentric exercise, eccentric exercise can effectively improve health-related physical fitness and quality of life under lower cardiorespiratory and metabolic loads.

Study Design： This is a three-year project in single center; COPD patients with GOLD grades are recruited in the first year, and then divided into four groups according to GOLD severity grades, and 50 subjects are expected to be recruited; In the second and third year, 120 COPD patients with GOLD grades were recruited.

Methods： This study is expected to recruit 170 subjects, and it will be conducted in the pulmonary rehabilitation treatment room. In the first year, 50 COPD patients with GOLD grade will be recruited, and 20 mL of the venous blood will be drawn during rest for follow-up blood analysis. After that, each subject will perform a serious of functional test, including Six-minute walk test, Timed up-and-go test, Stairs ascending and descending walking time, cardiopulmonary exercise test and isokinetic muscle test. In the second and third year, 60 COPD patients will be recruited respectively, and they will be randomly assigned to the eccentric exercise training and control groups (general care group), each group will carry out the experiment including three stages: control period, training period (and general care group) and maintenance period. During the training period, the eccentric exercise training group will perform 36 eccentric cycling exercises with progressive exercise intensity for 12 weeks, each session about 40 minutes (including 5-min warm-up, 30-min exercise and 5-min relaxation). In the control period, maintenance period and general care group, no exercise intervention will be performed; and in these three experimental periods, 4 functional tests and 4 resting blood draws will be performed.

Effect： This project expects that after 12 weeks of intelligent eccentric exercise training, COPD patients will effectively improve their health-related fitness and quality of life under lower cardiorespiratory and metabolic loads, and will benefit from peripheral blood lymphocytes. Changes in lymphocyte immunity and erythrocyte rheology, to classfy the biological indicators of the course of COPD.

Key words： COPD, Eccentric Exercise Training, Lymphocytes, Mitochondria, Erythrocytes, Rheology