Beyond Psychological Distress: Implementation of a Dyadic Behavioral Intervention Targeting Neuroendocrine and mRNA Translational Pathways in Late-Stage Breast Cancer

Phase 1: Recruitment and Screening. The study team will use the PRI/PHSU network and activities (e.g. Community engagement workshops) to market the study invitation with providers and community stakeholders. In addition, project flyers will be posted in the main community center, oncology clinics, and on social media outlets for support group participation. Similar recruiting methods have been successful in previous qualitative studies. While the team does not anticipate difficulties obtaining the target sample, if necessary, face- to-face visits to oncology clinics, provider offices, support groups will be conducted. Screening and Engagement. Lists of potential participants will be created during recruitment activities and a follow-up call will be made to verify participation eligibility. Assessments. The project manager will coordinate all data collection activities.

Phase 2: The team will use the PRI/PHSU network and activities to share study flyers with community stakeholders and clinical psychology doctoral students. The team does not expect recruitment challenges as these approaches have resulted in successful recruitment in the past. If necessary, the team will use a back-up recruitment strategy by giving workshops on the intervention at PRI/PHSU and in the community. Screening and Engagement. Lists of potential participants will be created during recruitment activities, and a follow-up call will be made to verify participation eligibility.

Phase 3: All recruiters (trained community members) will be members of communities in the southern area of Puerto Rico to facilitate trust with participants. The team will post flyers of the intervention in the main community center, oncology clinic, on social media, at public announcements at major church events, and at recruitment tables during festivities organized by the community for support groups. We have used these approaches successfully to recruit patients and caregivers for previous studies, including recruitment of a similar population of 62 patients and caregivers in one and a half year. If necessary, the team will use a back-up recruitment strategy by sampling from additional nearby clinics and community organizations serving cancer patients and caregivers. Lists of potential participants will be created during recruitment activities, and a follow-up call will be made to verify participation eligibility. Before conducting screening procedures, consent will be obtained to allow for phone call, which will establish eligibility. Screening criteria will be implemented via phone service. Community members (CM) will administer the Distress Thermometer to patients. Once inclusion/exclusion criteria are verified, CMs will explain study procedures, including singing consent forms, to participants and design a plan to address any barriers to participation.