Registre HEAR, Healthcare European Amyloidosis Registry

Amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by infiltration and continuous accumulation of insoluble fibrillar proteins in the extracellular matrix in various organs including kidney, nerve, liver, heart and skeletal muscle. Its prevalence is estimated at 0.5-1.3/100,000. The main forms are:

1. Primary amyloidosis is caused by deposits of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains produced by a plasma cell clone in the bone marrow.
2. Hereditary (familial) amyloidosis, the major form of which is mutated transthyretin amyloidosis of autosomal dominant transmission. More than 100 different mutations of transthyretin are known and several mutations have been described as amyloidogenic.
3. Systemic senile amyloidosis which is due to deposits of wild-type (unmutated) transthyretin.
4. AA amyloidosis of chronic inflammatory causes.
5. Localized amyloidosis. They are in the vast majority of cases primary amyloidosis (or immunoglobulinic) amyloidosis. The deposition of amyloidosis formed by light chains of antibodies occurs here in contact with a proliferation of plasma cells located in a particular organ. There is no passage of the immunoglobulin light chain into the bloodstream and therefore deposits do not form remotely in other organs.
6. Rare amyloidoses. The prognosis of the disease is most often related to the cardiac involvement. Unfortunately, its diagnosis is often delayed, which worsens the prognosis. This delay is linked to the absence of simple diagnostic tools (biomarkers, imaging, etc.) allowing early diagnosis of the disease. The absence of early diagnostic tools, the heterogeneity of the expression (multi-systemic) of this disease and the difficulty of its management lead to delays in diagnosis and non-management of certain organ disorders, which have an impact on the quality of life of patients.

There is a strong need to help physicians better characterize the clinical and biological presentations of the disease and to improve diagnostic tools and standardize therapeutic management.

All data collected for the study are key, routine data for the condition, readily available in the patients' medical records. It is also possible to use additional and specific computerized tools to collect these data, within the participating expert centers.

Data will be recorded in an electronic observation book.