The More the Merrier and Brevity is the Soul of Wit? Efficacy of a Multicomponent Positive Psychological Intervention Conducted in an Online Large-group One-session Format
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 381
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- change on positive mental health scale (german version; Lukat, Margraf, Lutz, van der Feld, & Becker, 2015)
研究概览
简要总结
Current models suggest that mental health is not the mere absence of a mental disorder. Rather, mental health consists of two factors, mental disorder symptoms and positive mental health, that can be regarded as continua. Programmes applying interventions known from the positive psychology or positive psychotherapy framework have been shown to enhance psychological wellbeing, subjective wellbeing and to reduce depressive symptoms. However, interventions were mostly conducted in an individual or small group setting and usually consisted of more than one session. The few trainings of minimal length that were conducted in group settings only used one intervention strategy or one part of multicomponent positive psychological interventions. Therefore, the conclusions that can be drawn regarding the effectiveness of short group-interventions are limited. In this study, the investigators plan to conduct an online large-group one-session training to enhance positive mental health that comprises multiple positive psychological interventions (e.g. character strengths, positive communication, goal attainment, etc). Furthermore, an active as well as a passive (waitlist) control group are included in the study. In the active control group, dysfunctional thoughts are adressed that are known to everybody but exist in a great measure in people suffering from depressive disorders. Methods used in cognitive therapy are applied in this group. Participants will be recruited from a community sample without any inclusion criteria but being of legal age. The only exclusion criterion is not having the appropriate technical equipment for participation in a videoconference. Positive mental health as well as other constructs of mental health will be assessed before and after training and at one month and six months follow up to investigate long-term effects of the intervention.
详细描述
In general, the investigators expect an increase in positive mental health in the multicomponent positive psychological intervention (MPPI) group. This effect should be present at the assessment points one month and six months after training. Furthermore, the increase in positive mental health in the MPPI group is expected to be larger than in the two control groups (cognitive intervention targeting dysfunctional thoughts [CIDT], waitlist). Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize participants to benefit from the MPPI in terms of other constructs related to mental health, i.e. self efficacy, happiness, wellbeing, positive emotions, and life satisfaction, in the long term. This increase is expected to be larger in the MPPI than in the two control groups. A decrease in depressive symptoms is hypothesized to occur in the MPPI as well as in the CIDT group.
The sample under investigation will be a community sample. All participants can attain the training for free and there is no payment for participation. One week before the first training day, the random allocation to the three groups will take place. Two days before the first training day, all participants are asked to fill out another survey through a link sent to them via e-mail. This survey comprises all outcome measures. The same procedure is carried out one day after, one month after and six months after the first training day. After the last assessment time point, the training for the waitlist control group will be conducted.
The target sample size is 300 participants (100 per group). The investigators will attempt to recruit more participants, assuming that not all will complete the study, especially the assessment after six months.
The investigators used the software program G*Power to conduct a power analysis. The goal was to obtain .95 power to detect a small effect size of .1 at the standard .05 alpha error probability. The investigators extended the calculated sample size of 264 participants to a target sample size of 300 participants as there was no study before that compared an online multicomponent large-group one-session training to enhance positive mental health with an online large-group one-session intervention targeting dysfunctional thoughts. Therefore, the effect size for the comparison of these two groups could be smaller than f = .1.
The primary outcome measure will be analyzed with a 3x2 repeated measures ANOVA.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Aged 18 years or above
排除标准
- •Not having the appropriate technical equipment for participation in a videoconference
结局指标
主要结局
change on positive mental health scale (german version; Lukat, Margraf, Lutz, van der Feld, & Becker, 2015)
时间窗: two days before the intervention and one month after the intervention
9 items, 4-point Likert scale, large change in a positive direction means better outcome
次要结局
- change on positive mental health scale (german version; Lukat, Margraf, Lutz, van der Feld, & Becker, 2015)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention (already specified as primary outcome measure), six months after the intervention)
- change on satisfaction with life scale (german version; Glaesmer, Grande, Braehler, & Roth, 2011)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on brief form of the perceived social support questionnaire (german version; Lin, Hirschfeld, & Margraf, 2019)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change of frequency of media use (TV, internet, gaming, smartphone, social media)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on brief version of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (german version; Brailovskaia, Schillack, & Margraf, 2020)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on generalized self efficacy scale (german version; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1999)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on positive and negative affect schedule (german version; Breyer & Bluemke, 2016)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on general health questionnaire (german version; Linden et al., 1996)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21; german version; Nilges & Essau, 2015)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on subjective happiness scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999; german version)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change in the degree of subjectively experienced stress concerning a specific situation measured with the questionnaire "primary appraisal secondary appraisal" (PASA; german version; Gaab, 2009)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change on mental health continuum - short form (Keyes et al., 2008; german translation)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
- change of use of social media (frequency of social media use of different platforms, e.g. facebook, tumblr; accesses per day; time per day)(two days before the intervention, one day after the intervention, one month after the intervention, six months after the intervention)
研究者
Svenja Schaumburg
Research Fellow / PhD Student
Ruhr University of Bochum