The Effect of Lullaby During Bath Time on Mother-Infant Bonding, Postpartum Depression, and Parental Self-Efficacy in Infants
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 尚未招募
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 98
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Mother-Infant Bonding
研究概览
简要总结
This randomized, single-blind controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of maternal lullaby singing during infant bathing on mother-infant bonding, postpartum depressive symptoms, and perceived parenting self-efficacy in mothers of healthy term infants. The postpartum period represents a critical phase for maternal psychological adjustment, during which stress, depressive symptoms, and low parenting confidence may negatively affect the quality of mother-infant interaction and bonding. Low-cost, culturally meaningful, and non-pharmacological interventions that support maternal well-being and early bonding are therefore of particular importance.
The study will be conducted with mothers who have delivered healthy term infants in a public hospital. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. Mothers in the intervention group will receive a structured bathing education and will be instructed to bathe their infants three times per week for two consecutive weeks while singing a lullaby using their own voice in a calm and quiet home environment. Live-recorded music will not be used. The intervention emphasizes sensory interaction, emotional closeness, and maternal voice as key components. Each bathing session is expected to last approximately 10-15 minutes. The control group will receive routine postpartum care without a structured lullaby-based bathing intervention.
Outcome measures include mother-infant bonding, postpartum depressive symptoms, and perceived maternal parenting self-efficacy. Data will be collected at two time points: prior to hospital discharge (within the first 24 hours postpartum) and at the end of the two-week intervention period. Validated self-report instruments will be used for all outcome assessments.
The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence on the effectiveness of a simple, culturally embedded caregiving practice in supporting maternal mental health, strengthening mother-infant bonding, and enhancing parenting confidence during the early postpartum period. Results may inform postpartum care practices, parental counseling programs, and midwife-led supportive interventions.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Mothers who have had an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery
- •Mothers who are healthy enough to care for their baby
- •Mothers who have suitable conditions at home to bathe their baby
- •Babies born at term (≥ 37 weeks of gestation) and with stable general health after birth
排除标准
- •Mothers with a history of serious postpartum complications (such as postpartum hemorrhage)
- •Mothers diagnosed with psychiatric illness
- •Mothers who are unable to participate directly in the care of their baby (due to severe disability, mandatory bed rest, etc.)
- •Mothers who cannot participate in the lullaby program due to hearing impairment
- •Infants who experience serious respiratory, cardiac, or neurological problems at birth or thereafter, who have a skin disease or dermatological condition that limits bathing, who have a history of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, or who have a chronic disease or congenital anomaly
研究组 & 干预措施
Lullaby Group
干预措施: Maternal Lullaby Singing (Behavioral)
Control Group
结局指标
主要结局
Mother-Infant Bonding
时间窗: Baseline (within 24 hours postpartum, prior to hospital discharge) and at the end of the 2-week intervention period.
Mother-infant bonding will be assessed using the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale, a validated self-report instrument consisting of 19 items measuring maternal emotional attachment, affection, and closeness toward the infant. Higher total scores indicate stronger mother-infant bonding. The total score that can be obtained on the scale ranges from 19 to 95.
Postpartum Depressive Symptoms
时间窗: Baseline (within 24 hours postpartum, prior to hospital discharge) and at the end of the 2-week intervention period.
Postpartum depressive symptoms will be measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), a 10-item self-report questionnaire widely used to screen for depressive symptoms during the postpartum period. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptom severity.
Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy
时间窗: Baseline (within 24 hours postpartum, prior to hospital discharge) and at the end of the 2-week intervention period.
Maternal parenting self-efficacy will be evaluated using the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale, an 18-item self-report instrument assessing mothers' confidence in infant care, mother-infant interaction, and perceived ability to manage infant behaviors. Higher scores reflect greater perceived parenting self-efficacy. The total score that can be obtained on the scale ranges from 18 to 72. High scores indicate that the mother feels competent in caring for and interacting with her baby.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Elif Dogan
Principal Investigator
Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa