Evaluation of Platelet Rich Fibrin Growth Factors (PRF) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Chronic Periodontitis

The aim of the investigators study was to evaluate levels of platelet derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB), vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF),transforming growth factor-beta1 and beta 2 (TGF-β1 and β2), basic-Fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), insulin like growth factor-1 ( IGF-1) in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with chronic periodontitis.

This study consisted of 80 subjects; 20 patients were T2DM with periodontally healthy (DM-CTRL), 20 patients were T2DM with chronic periodontitis (DM-CP ), 20 patients were systemically healthy with chronic periodontitis (CP; ), 20 subjects were systemically and periodontally healthy (CTRL).

Subjects were clinically evaluated with regards to the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pockets depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) recorded at six sites per tooth (disto-facial, mid-facial, mesio-facial, mesio-lingual, disto-lingual and mid-lingual) using a periodontal Goldman/Fox Williams probe calibrated in millimeters.

PRF was prepared without biochemical manipulation of blood. Intravenous blood from each patient was collected in 10 ml sterile tubes without anticoagulant by venipuncture of antecubital vein. Immediately test tubes were centrifuged using a centrifugation machine ( Electro.mag M 815 P Laboratory Centrifuge ; Istanbul, Turkey) at 2700 rpm ( approximately 700g ) for 12 min . The centrifuged blood presented with a structured fibrin clot in the middle of the tube just between the red corpuscles at the bottom and acellular plasma at the top. PRF was easily separated from the red corpuscule base using steril scissors and inserted into steril tubes. The tubes were put on a shaker and agitated gently. After 5 minutes, the tubes were vortexed to form a PRF membrane and the volume of releasate was measured and the releasate returned into the tube. The tubes were further agitated gently. Samples were taken at 5th minute and immediately centrifuged at 5000rpm for 15 minutes (Electro.mag M 815 P Laboratory Centrifuge ; Istanbul, Turkey) to pellet any residual blood cells , and were stored at -80 centigrade degree for subsequent assays.

Samples were assayed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with an ELX 800 G ELISA device (BIO-TEC Instruments, Winooski, USA). The following ELISA kits were used in this study: b-FGF, TGF-β2 and IGF 1 (Assay Biotechnology Company, CA, USA); PDGF-AB, VEGF and TGF-β1 (Boster Biological Technology, CA, USA).