Effect of use of isopropyl alcohol- impregnated central venous catheter caps on central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI)

A central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection not related to an infection at another site that develops within 48 hours of central line placement. A central venous catheter is an indwelling device inserted into a large central vein most commonly the internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral and advanced until the terminal lumen resides within inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, or right atrium, it is a reliable and safe vascular access for care of patients in numerous clinical settings, ranging from infusion of parenteral nutrition and medication to hemodialysis.  Despite their vital importance, these CVCs may cause potentially life-threatening complications, mostly central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Pathogens may enter the circulation via an extraluminal or the intraluminal route.

Antiseptic barrier caps have been developed to decrease CLABSIs by reducing the effect of variations in scrubbing duration and techniques. These plastic caps contain a disinfectant, mostly 70% isopropyl alcohol.The cap is screwed directly onto the needle-less connector and continuously bathes the access point in an antimicrobial agent and can be left in place between infusions, providing improved disinfection and preventing touch or airborne pathogens from invading the hub. The order of selected pathogens associated with causing CLABSI are as follows. Gram-positive organisms.