Abdominal SepsiS Study: Epidemiology of Etiology and Outcome

To investigate microbiology and/or drug resistance patterns related to: Geographical region, Source of IAI, Upper GI tract perforation (stomach & duodenum), Lower GI tract perforation (jejunum, ileum, colon, rectum), Primary peritonitis, Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis, Intra-abdominal abscess, Pancreatic infection, Biliary tract infection, Typhlitis, Toxic megacolon.

To check the Origin of IAI: community-acquired, early-onset healthcare-associated, late-onset healthcare-associated.

To describe physician's antimicrobial prescription patterns related to a classification grid that stratifies IAIs according to disease expression, community or healthcare origin, and anatomical disruption.

To investigate outcomes (clinical response, need for surgical revision, length of hospitalization, and mortality) related to: Classification of IAI, Severity of acute illness at time of diagnosis (SOFA score) and clinical response after 48-72 hrs. (SOFA score), Processes of care (Time to 1st antimicrobial dose, Time to source control, Type of source control intervention (laparotomy, percutaneous drainage, high volume peritoneal lavage, restoration of anatomy and function), Need for (unplanned) surgical revision (uncontrolled infection source), Frequency of microbiological sampling and delay of results)), Pathogens involved and empirical antimicrobial coverage; special emphasis will be given, to coverage of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococci and Candida species, Duration of antimicrobial therapy, Underlying conditions