The Effects of Nature-Based Activity vs. Indoor Exercise on Cognitive, Psychological, and Physiological Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 69
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Sustained attention
研究概览
简要总结
This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the comparative effects of nature-based versus indoor exercise interventions on cognitive performance, psychological well-being, and physiological stress in Malaysian adults. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) active nature engagement (walking outdoors), (2) passive nature engagement (seated outdoor observation), (3) indoor treadmill walking, or (4) a no-intervention control group. The study will examine changes in attention, working memory, affect, blood pressure, body composition, and salivary cortisol across baseline, mid-point, and post-intervention assessments.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Adults (≥18 years old)
- •Normal or corrected-to-normal vision
- •Normal or corrected-to-normal hearing
- •Physically fit - able to walk unassisted for at least 30 minutes
排除标准
- •Participants with limited mobility that prevents outdoor activities
- •Participants who do not have adequate comprehension in English necessary to participate in measurement of outcomes
研究组 & 干预措施
Active Nature Engagement
Outdoor walking in a designated urban park, 3 times/week for 4 weeks, 30 minutes/session
干预措施: Active Nature Engagement (Behavioral)
Passive Nature Engagement
Sitting quietly and observing nature, with grounding exercise, 3 times/week for 4 weeks, 30 minutes/session
干预措施: Passive Nature Engagement (Behavioral)
Indoor Exercise
Treadmill walking indoors under controlled conditions, 3 times/week for 4 weeks, 30 minutes/session
干预措施: Indoor Exercise (Behavioral)
Control
No exposure to intervention between baseline and post-test
结局指标
主要结局
Sustained attention
时间窗: 1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4)
Sustained attention to response task (SART) will be used to measure sustained attention. Participants will be presented with a series of single digits (1-9) displayed one at a time on a computer screen. The digit appears in a random order at a fixed interval. They will be instructed to press the spacebar as quickly as possible every time they see any digit except the target digit (i.e., the digit 3). Participants are instructed to withhold their response when the target digit appears.
Salivary cortisol
时间窗: 1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4)
Participants' salivary cortisol will be collected using the passive drool method in sampling tubes. The samples were then be sent to the laboratory for measurement of cortisol in saliva, as an indicator for participants' stress level.
Working memory
时间窗: 1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4)
Digit span backward (DSB) will be used to measure working memory. A series of digits will be presented sequentially, and the participants will be asked to repeat them in backward order. Sequences were 2 to 8 digits, and there will be a total of 14 trials (with 2 trials for each length).
Sustained attention
时间窗: 1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4)
Sustained attention to response task (SART) will be used to measure sustained attention. Participants will be presented with a series of single digits (1-9) displayed one at a time on a computer screen. The digit appears in a random order at a fixed interval. They will be instructed to press the spacebar as quickly as possible every time they see any digit except the target digit (i.e., the digit 3). Participants are instructed to withhold their response when the target digit appears.
Salivary cortisol
时间窗: 1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4)
Participants' salivary cortisol will be collected using the passive drool method in sampling tubes. The samples were then be sent to the laboratory for measurement of cortisol in saliva, as an indicator for participants' stress level.
Working memory
时间窗: 1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4)
Digit span backward (DSB) will be used to measure working memory. A series of digits will be presented sequentially, and the participants will be asked to repeat them in backward order. Sequences were 2 to 8 digits, and there will be a total of 14 trials (with 2 trials for each length).
次要结局
- Blood pressure(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Daily calorie intake(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Metabolic age(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Nature relatedness(Baseline (Week 0))
- Creativity(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Positive and negative affect(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Stress level(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Blood pressure(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Body weight(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Executive functioning(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Muscle mass(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Total body water percentage(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Executive functioning(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Creativity(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Positive and negative affect(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Stress level(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Body weight(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Muscle mass(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Body fat percentage(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Visceral fat level(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Total body water percentage(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Daily calorie intake(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Metabolic age(1) Baseline (Week 0) 2) Midpoint (Week 2) 3) Post-intervention (Week 4))
- Nature relatedness(Baseline (Week 0))