Protective Effect of Angong Niuhuang Against Negative Inflammatory Response and Neurologic Dysfunction After Cardiovascular Surgery (PANDA X)

Neurologic Dysfunction is one of the main factors contributing to poor outcomes in cardiac surgery patients, except for heart failure. Atherosclerosis of the aorta, a history of cerebral infarction, and cervical artery disease are common clinical risk factors for cerebral neurological dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Results of preclinical studies suggested that Angong Niuhuang Pills (ANPs), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, including realgar, cinnabaris, Bovis Calculus, artificial Moschus, and powdered buffalo horn extract, decreased infarct volume and cerebral edema, and presented anti- atherosclerosis and cardio-protective effects in clinical and preclinical studies. The PANDA X trial is designed as a pilot study to explore the safety and efficacy of ANP in patients with moderate-to-severe neurologic dysfunction after cardiovascular surgery.