The Effects of Augmented Reality Treadmill Walking on Cognitive Function, Body Composition, Physiological Responses, and Acceptability in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Stride Length
研究概览
简要总结
This study evaluated the feasibility and health effects of using augmented reality (AR) treadmill walking in older adults. Sixty community-dwelling adults aged 65 to 80 years were randomly assigned to either an AR treadmill group or a traditional treadmill group. Both groups participated in supervised walking sessions three times per week for twelve weeks. The study examined changes in mobility, balance, body composition, physiological responses, and participants' perceptions of the AR technology.
详细描述
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of augmented reality (AR) treadmill walking on mobility-related motor function, body composition, physiological responses, and technology acceptance among older adults. A total of 60 community-dwelling adults aged 65 to 80 years were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (AR treadmill walking) or a control group (traditional treadmill walking).
Participants in both groups engaged in supervised walking sessions three times per week for twelve weeks. Each session lasted 60 minutes, including a 10-minute warm-up, 40-minute treadmill walking, and a 10-minute cool-down. The AR treadmill (JOHNSON 8.1T) provided immersive visual environments and real-time feedback on physiological data. The control group used a standard treadmill (CHANSON CS-6630) without AR features.
Primary outcome measures included stride length, gait speed, and balance. Secondary outcomes included skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, body fat percentage, heart rate, calorie expenditure, walking distance, and technology acceptance assessed by a validated questionnaire.
Statistical analysis included repeated-measures ANOVA, independent t-tests, and Pearson correlation analysis to examine group differences and associations between physiological responses and technology acceptance.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- None
盲法说明
No masking was used in this study. Due to the nature of the intervention (visible augmented reality equipment), participants, investigators, and outcome assessors were aware of group assignments.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 80 Years（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Community-dwelling adults aged 65 to 80 years
- •Able to walk independently without assistive devices
- •Cognitively intact and able to follow instructions
- •No prior use of augmented reality (AR) exercise programs within the past 3 months
- •Willing to participate in the study and provide informed consent
排除标准
- •Diagnosed with chronic conditions that impair mobility (e.g., cardiovascular disease, severe arthritis)
- •Severe visual or auditory impairments that affect interaction with AR equipment
- •Neurological or psychiatric disorders that may interfere with participation
- •Known susceptibility to motion sickness or discomfort with virtual environments (AR-induced discomfort)
- •Inability to complete the 12-week training protocol or attend scheduled assessments
结局指标
主要结局
Stride Length
时间窗: Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention
Average stride length (in centimeters) measured using the 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT).
Balance (Timed Up and Go Test)
时间窗: Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention
Time taken to complete the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Lower values indicate better balance.
Gait Speed
时间窗: Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention
Walking speed (in meters per second) assessed during a 30-meter walk test.
次要结局
- Skeletal Muscle Mass(Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention)
- Body Fat Mass(Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention)
- Body Fat Percentage(Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention)
- Heart Rate(During each session (12 weeks))
- Calorie Expenditure(During each session (12 weeks))
- Distance Walked(During each session (12 weeks))
- Technology Acceptance(After 12 weeks of intervention)
研究者
CHENG-EN WU
Assistant Professor, Office of Physical Education
National Taiwan College of Performing Arts