The Effect of Therapeutic Play Applied With Puppet During Blood Collection in Children on Pain and Fear

Type of Study: The study is a randomized controlled trial. Population and Sample of the Research: The population of the research includes children aged 3-6 years who came to the pediatric blood collection unit of Binali Yıldırım University Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital between 01/07/2022-01/01/2023.

The research sample; "Children who apply to the blood collection unit on the specified dates and meet the research criteria and volunteer to participate in the research". In this study, "prior power analysis" was conducted to determine sample adequacy. In the Priori power analysis, "Cohen's method of reference to standard effect sizes" was chosen. In this case, in our study, the effect of the therapeutic game applied with a hand puppet during blood collection on pain and fear in children will be compared. It has been determined that 80% power can be reached. It was decided to collect data from a total of 100 individuals by including 10% backup sample in this number in case of data loss. Data collection will not be carried out simultaneously in the puppet and control groups, in case the children in the clinic are affected by the puppet toys. In order to ensure randomization, the children who met the criteria will be included in the control group in the first week, and the children who come in the second week will be taken into the puppet group, and this cycle will be continued until the end of the study, and randomization will be ensured.

Data Collection Tools to be Used in the Study: "Survey Form, Wong-Baker Facial Expression Evaluation Scale and Child Fear Scale" will be used to collect research data. As an intervention tool in the research, a hand puppet designed together with the researcher and child development specialist will be used.

Questionnaire Form: In the questionnaire form created by the researchers by scanning the literature; There are questions addressing the introductory characteristics of the research group.

Intervention Tools to be Used in the Research Hand puppet: A hand puppet designed together with the researcher and child development specialist will be used as an intervention tool in the research. In this context, the researcher received play therapy training. While the puppet is being designed, it will be ensured that it is integrated in the hospital environment and it will be ensured that the child is not alienated to the environment he/she comes from. The researcher, who received play therapy training in hand puppet practice, plans to reduce the children's fears and reduce the level of pain before the intervention. While designing the hand puppet, care will be taken to ensure that the materials to be used are antiallergenic and made of fabric that can be easily sterilized after each child the application is made.