Spectrum of neurological disorders in pregnancy and puerperium and their feto-maternal outcomes: A one-year observational study.

Neurological diseases in pregnancy can be classified into three categories: a.Pre-existent chronic neurological diseases such as epilepsy and multiple sclerosis.b.Diseases with onset predominantly in pregnancy brain tumours or cerebrovascular events. c.Pregnancy-induced conditions such as eclampsia and Haemolysis elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome. Due to its rare occurrence in pregnancy, a high degree of suspiciousness and involvement of the concerned team is needed for the diagnosis and management of the patient.  The altered physiology during pregnancy imposes a challenge to diagnose the various disorders. The duration of pregnancy and concern regarding the fetus make it tricky to choose appropriate investigation and treatment. The pregnant woman is vulnerable in that many medications and diagnostic evaluations are avoided due to concerns of causing harm to the fetus . As neurological diseases contribute to approximately 20 percent of maternal deaths. For those with neurological disorders, preconception planning provides an opportunity for discussion of pregnancy impact on disease, the effect that disease impairment may have on pregnancy, and use of treatment for disease control during pregnancy. Pre-conception counselling plays an integral role because neurologic disease holds potential for significant contribution to morbidity and mortality in pregnancy Preconception counselling is crucial for managing neurological diseases in pregnancy. It helps to identify potential risks and reduce harm for the patient, fetus, and neonate. This proactive approach not only allows for the optimization of neurologic health but also fosters patient education about pregnancy risks and provides time and integrated care to intervene for ultimate pregnancy success. The key integral components of preconception assessment for patients with neurological disorders include understanding patient history, performing a physical exam, and reviewing neuroimaging and medications. Additional considerations may be important for the postpartum period or breastfeeding. However, it’s important to note that all women with pre-existing neurological disorders must have excellent communication with all involved physicians. Counselling and risk assessment should involve a multidisciplinary care team such as obstetricians, neurologists, neurosurgeons, anaesthesiologists, geneticists, and neonatologists. This ensures comprehensive care and better outcomes for the patient and the baby. This study enhances our understanding of the range of neurological disorders that can occur during pregnancy and the postpartum period at our hospital. Timely and accurate diagnosis are essential for initiating treatment and improving both maternal and fetal outcomes. There are gaps in knowledge in our region, and a deeper understanding of these disorders is crucial for improving our services and for reducing maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity.