The Effect of a One-Day Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Psychological Flexibility and Psychological Capital in Students With Anxiety and Depression : A RCT Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 61
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- A one-day ACT intervention is effective in enhancing mental health
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this study is to examine the effect of a one-day ACT intervention on psychological flexibility and psychological capital among undergraduate students at UTM who have anxiety and depression. Undergraduate students who scored moderate or above on anxiety and depression questionnaires during screening and volunteered to participate will be invited to a one-day ACT intervention. The participants will be randomly divided into two groups, which are the intervention and waitlist groups. Assessment of psychological flexibility, psychological capital, anxiety, and depression levels will be given online at the pre-intervention phase (T1), post-intervention phase (T2), and follow-up after one month phase (T3).
The main questions it aims to answer are the following:-
- To what extent does the intervention affect psychological flexibility, psychological capital, anxiety, and depression as measured by Cohen's d?
- How does a one-day ACT intervention affect university students' psychological flexibility, psychological capital, anxiety, and depression over time?
- How does a one-day ACT intervention affect university students' psychological flexibility, psychological capital, anxiety, and depression between groups?
Participants will:
- The intervention group will participate in a one-day Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention during data collection while the waitlist group receives it after the data completion.
- Answer set of questionnaires during pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2) and follow-up after one month (T3).
详细描述
This is a prospective and experimental study. A prospective study approach is used to examine the changes in outcome measures along with the data collection timeline. Data will be collected at four different points. Also, this is an experimental study, a randomised controlled trial study, and consists of two arms: a one-day ACT intervention and waitlist groups. The effect of a one-day ACT intervention will be evaluated using a randomised controlled trial approach by comparing the differences between intervention and waitlist groups.
(T0) - Screening phase - A set of questionnaires of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) will be distributed through the student portal for screening. Potential participants who score moderate and above will be invited to the One-Day ACT intervention. The details of potential participants will be recorded.
(T1) - During pre-intervention, participants will be divided into two groups: a waitlist and a group that will receive batteries of questionnaires. The questionnaires included the demographic survey, BAI, BDI, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) and Psychological Capital Questionnaires (PCQ) for participants before receiving the ACT intervention. Those who answer the questionnaires will receive a One-Day ACT intervention. In addition, respondents will be fully informed regarding the objectives and procedure of this research, and consent information will be gathered.
One-Day Intervention: -
A one-day ACT intervention will be conducted in three sessions, each lasting 40 minutes. The intervention is based on a module developed by Shari et al. (2020) and aims to help respondents manage their issues, such as unpleasant thoughts and feelings. The first session will build a therapeutic relationship and icebreak, using animated video (unwanted guest) presentations to explain how ACT can help manage issues. The second session will focus on acceptance and defusion concepts, emphasizing the importance of letting go of unproductive emotion-control techniques by using animated video (response ability). The third session, 'Show Up', will increase awareness of undesirable thoughts and feelings through structured mindfulness exercises and observing surroundings. The therapist will explain the metaphor of dropping the anchor and emphasize the importance of being present and aware of oneself. The final session, 'Get Moving', will connect values to practical action plans, using animated video (Values VS Goals) presentations to help respondents define their values and identify significant life steps.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 29 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Local Malaysian Students
- •18 years old and above
- •Students who scored moderate or above for the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) or Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) during the screening phase.
排除标准
- •International UTM students, due to the intervention being conducted in Bahasa Malaysia
- •Students who have a neurodevelopmental condition or those currently receiving psychiatric treatment or attending psychotherapy sessions, including ACT-based interventions
- •Students with a clinically diagnosed psychotic disorder confirmed by a psychiatrist.
研究组 & 干预措施
Intervention
This group will receive one-day Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The therapy includes 4 sessions that explain and guide participants to understand the concept of ACT and apply it in their daily lives for the purpose of increasing their psychological flexibility.
干预措施: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (Behavioral)
Waitlist Group
After data completion, the waitlist group will receive a similar one-day ACT intervention. During data collection, this group did not receive any intervention in order to compare the level of psychological flexibility, psychological capital, anxiety and depression between the intervention group and the waitlist group.
干预措施: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
A one-day ACT intervention is effective in enhancing mental health
时间窗: Before and after participate the one-day acceptance and commitment therapy.
The efficacy of ACT on mental health among university student will be measure by using Beck anxiety and Beck Depression Inventory pre and post of the intervention between intervention and waitlist group. We will compare the result (changes) between pre-intervention and post-intervention between waitlist and intervention. Effect size also will be calculated.
Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II
时间窗: One hour before intervention, one hour after intervention, and 1 month after intervention
). The AAQ-II is a 7-item self-report measure of psychological flexibility. Participants respond using a 7-point Likert scale, with higher scores reflecting greater psychological inflexibility.
Psychological Capital Questionnaire
时间窗: One hour before intervention, one hour after intervention, and 1 month after intervention
Psychological capital will be measured using the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) developed by Luthans (2007). The questionnaire consists of 22 items, divided into 6 existing scales, with answers ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree". In this scale, 6 items represent each dimension of PsyCap: hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism. The final score indicated a person's level of positive PsyCap.
Beck Anxiety Inventory
时间窗: Screening phase, one hour before intervention, one hour after intervention, and 1 month after intervention
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) will be used to measure anxiety. The BAI score is divided into 4 categories: 0-7 indicates minimal anxiety, 8-15 indicates mild anxiety, 16-25 indicates moderate anxiety, and 26-63 indicates severe anxiety.
Beck Depression Inventory
时间窗: Screening phase, one hour before intervention, one hour after intervention, and 1 month after intervention
The Beck depression inventory (BDI) is used to measure depression level. The total score of the BDI is divided into 4 categories: 0-13 indicates minimal, 14-19 indicates mild, 20-28 indicates moderate, and 29-63 indicates severe depression
次要结局
- Psychological capital and psychological flexibility.(Before and after participate the one-day acceptance and commitment therapy.)
- Psychological flexibility mediates the mechanism through which ACT improves mental health issues among university students.(Before and after participate the one-day acceptance and commitment therapy.)
研究者
Akmar Nabila Binti A Bakar
Postgraduate Student
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia