A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN INTRATHECAL HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE 0.5 percent 3.0cc WITH NALBUPHINE 0.4 MILLIGRAM VERSUS HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE 0.5 percent 3.0 CC WITH FETANYL 25 MICROGRAM IN INFRAUMBILICAL SURGERIES

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY IS TO COMPARE THE HEMODYNAMIC VARIABLE AND POST-OPERATIVE ANAGLESIA IN PATIENTS RECEIVING INTRA-THECAL NALBUPHINE AND FENTANYL AS AN ADDITIVE TO HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE IN BELOW UMBILICAL SURGRIES.

AIM:

Aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of Fentanyl and nalbuphine used as additive to bupivacaine in subarachnoid block in infraumbilical surgeries

Objectives:

TO COMPARE ONSET OF SENSORY AND MOTOR BLOCKADE

TO COMPARE DURATION OF SENSORY AND MOTOR BLOCKADE

COMPARE SEDATION OF PATIENT

TO COMPARE THE HAEMODYNAMIC CHANGES IN (PULSE RATE, BLOOD PRESSURE, OXYGEN SATURATION AND RESPIRATORY RATE)

TO COMPARE DURATION OF ABSOLUTE ANALGESIA AND EFFECTIVE ANALGESIA

TO COMPARE THE REQUIREMENT OF NUMBER OF RESCUE ANALGESIA

TO COMPARE THE SIDE EFFECTS/COMPLICATIONS IF any

Inclusion Criteria:

● Patients willing to sign the informed written consent.

● Patients of ASA Grade I and II of either gender.

● Under Spinal anaesthesia for elective lower limb surgeries

● Aged 18 - 60 years.

● No known history of allergy, sensitivity to local anaesthetics of the amide group and other drugs used for this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

‘● Patient refusal.

● Patient not NIL by mouth.

● History of seizure disorder.

● Known allergy to trial drugs.

● Patients with neurological disorders and neuropathies or receiving medications known to influence neuromuscular junction.

● ASA III, IV, V Patients.

● Patient with prior pre-existing Comorbidities (Heart diseases, Respiratory disease, Kidney diseases , known fetal abnormalities)

● Pregnant females

● Failed spinal anaesthesia converted to general anaesthesia

● Any contraindication to Spinal Anaesthesia (local site infection, spine deformity, clotting abnormalities. Patients fulfilling above inclusion criteria are taken for study.

Method

After obtaining written informed consent, 60 patients planned for elective surgeries will be enrolled and grouped into Group-F  & Group-N with 30 patients in each group.