Investigation of in Vivo Endogenous and/or Exogenous Production of Phenolic Metabolites Using (un)Targeted Metabolomics
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 30
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Number and concentration of phenolic metabolites in urine
研究概览
简要总结
Plant (poly)phenols is what we call a large number of substances that are produced by plants as secondary plant metabolites, which means substances that are not used for their growth and development but are necessary for them to survive. (Poly)phenols are divided in two major groups, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids, and each group contains a varied set of subgroups and substances. They are widely spread in fruit and vegetables that are part of the human diet, and, in general, studies have attributed many biological effects to the ingestion of (poly)phenols, especially in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. For this reason, research aims to understand their role in the health benefits of a diet that is rich in fruits and vegetables. When ingested, (poly)phenols are digested by both the human organism and the gut microbiota and are broken down into several smaller substances (catabolites) that are called low-molecular weight (poly)phenols (LMWP). Most of the absorbed (poly)phenols that reach our bloodstream and organs are LMWP.
For the proposed study, 30 healthy adults will be recruited and, if considered able to participate, will follow a standardized diet that is restricted in (poly)phenol intake and will be randomly divided into two groups: one will receive a known source of (poly)phenols (coffee) and the other will receive water, keeping the restriction of (poly)phenol from the diet. The duration of one phase is 4 days + 12 hours, during which urine, feces, and saliva will be collected. Then, after a 2-week-interval, subjects will repeat the experiment, except that this time the group who had coffee will have water, and vice versa. Again, urine and feces will be collected. The objective of the study is to identify and quantify LMWP mainly in urine, but also in feces, and try to understand how much was produced when there was no (poly)phenols in the diet compared with when there was ingestion of coffee (poly)phenols. The production of LMWP without coffee could be because of their production from other sources, like the metabolism of amino acids, proteins, and catecholamines (i.e. dopamine). The composition of the gut microbiota and relevant genetic information can alter the metabolism of (poly)phenols and will be considered in the analyses. Knowing how much of LMWP actually comes from the diet is important to understand the relevance and health benefits of these molecules.
详细描述
The study will consist of a randomized cross-over trial and each arm will last 5 days. A total of thirty (30) healthy volunteers will be recruited for the study in Parma (PR), using announcements placed in the university, hospital, and public places. To allocate subjects to each arm, a list will be generated using a randomized block design by using Random Number Generator Pro (Segobit Software). This list will be blind for the PI and volunteers, as it will be made by a colleague not involved in the subjects' enrolment and using a numbered sequence in sealed, opaque envelopes.
Volunteers freely accepting to participate to the study will be asked for their written informed consent. Information to the volunteers will be provided before and separately from the consent form. These information sheets and the informed consent forms have been prepared according to the Oviedo Convention and consider the guide of the local Ethics Committee. After obtaining their written informed consent, volunteers will undergo a screening visit to determine eligibility and collect personal data.
Privacy of the volunteers will be assured through pseudoanonymization by the attribution of a personal alphanumeric code. Recruited volunteers will also sign an authorisation to the use of personal information and retrieved data.
After recruitment, subjects will attend a first visit, when personal data will be collected, and body composition and anthropometry parameters measured. Then, they will receive the foods, supplements, and materials necessary to follow the study. The recruited subjects will be requested to follow a low-(poly)phenol diet, which will be the same for all the volunteers and maintained for the whole period of the intervention study. The foods, preparation mode, and times for eating the meals will be provided by the sponsor. The diet will be personalised to approximate the necessary calories based on the measured basal metabolic rate, multiplied by the physical activity level set at 1.45, and there will be quantitative variations on the low-(poly)phenol diet based on the daily energy requirement: 1500 kcal/day, 1750 kcal/day, 2000 kcal/day, 2250 kcal/day, 2500 kcal/day, 2750 kcal/day, or 3000 kcal/day, all with nutritionally balanced amounts of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. In addition, participants will be requested to restrict physical exercise during the study duration.
Subjects will be asked to collect urine produced during the 60h prior the intervention, starting from the evening prior the first day of diet (from 21.00 of the night prior the first day of diet) and every 12 hours (60-48h, 48-36h, 36-24h, 24-12h, 12-0h), and to complete the food diary to check for compliance to the diet. Subjects are asked to bring collected urine to the the Human Nutrition Unit of the Food and Drug Department of the University of Parma.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Screening
- 盲法
- Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 20 Years 至 40 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Apparently healthy adults,
- •Age 20-40 years old,
- •Body mass index (BMI) between 18-28,
- •Regular coffee consumers (at least 1 cup a day).
排除标准
- •Clinical diagnosis of metabolic diseases,
- •Clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases,
- •Clinical diagnosis of renal diseases,
- •Clinical diagnosis of digestive diseases,
- •Immunodeficiency
- •Autoimmune diseases (other than well-compensated hypothyroidism),
- •Mental disorders
- •Regular use of medication (except birth-control pills and hormone replacement therapies),
- •Use of antibiotics in the last month prior to enrollment,
- •Food allergies or intolerances,
- •Pregnancy
- •Lactation
研究组 & 干预措施
Coffee
In this arm, volunteers will receive, once, 3 decaffeinated coffees (150 mL total) with sugar as a known source of (poly)phenols.
干预措施: Coffee (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Number and concentration of phenolic metabolites in urine
时间窗: Samples acquired from 60 hours prior to 48 hours after intervention or control
Urine samples will be subjected to both targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analyses
次要结局
- Identification and quantification of gut bacteria (genera and species) in feces(Samples acquired from 6-48 hours after coffee or control)
- Identification and quantification of metabolites after in vitro fecal fermentation(Samples acquired from 6-48 hours after coffee or control)
- Identification of single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis(Single saliva samples collected from 1 hour to 30 minutes before the intervention with coffee or control.)
- Number and concentration of phenolic metabolites in feces(Samples acquired from 6-48 hours after coffee or control)
研究者
Pedro M. Mena Parreño
Principal Investigator
University of Parma