The Effectiveness of a Music and Video-based Group Exercise Therapy in Older Adults With Moderate Dementia

The change in muscle strength between baseline, mid-intervention and at the end of intervention will be measured using the modified timed chair stand test.

时间窗: At baseline, after 2 and 4 months

The timed chair stand test is a valid and reliable test to evaluate muscle strength in older adults. The participant will be asked to stand up and sit back down on a chair five times without using their hands. The time it takes to perform this task will be measured.

The change in compliance between 1,2,3 and 4 months into the intervention will be measured

时间窗: 1,2,3 and 4 months of intervention

Compliance will be measured by assessing whether the participants exercised at the prescribed intensity. To evaluate compliance, two exercises sessions will be recorded and results will be averaged to compensate for daily fluctuations. Both quality and quantity of the participants' performances will be scored. To measure the quantity, the amount of repetitions the participant performed will be rated from zero (no repetitions) to three (all repetitions). A score of two was chosen as cut-off score, indicating that more than half of the exercises were performed. To measure quality, the recorded performances will be compared with the visual instructions on the TV-screen and will be scored on a scale from zero (no repetitions) to three (the performance matched completely with the instructions). A score of two was chosen as cut-off score, indicating that more than half of the exercises were matched with the instructions.

Attrition rate

时间窗: Twice a week for 4 months

The amount of participants that discontinued the program

The change in muscle strength between baseline, mid-intervention and at the end of intervention will be measured using a hand-held dynamometer

时间窗: At baseline, after 2 and 4 months

When using the hand-held dynamometer to measure strength, the break technique will be used. The examiner will apply resistance in a fixed position and the person being tested exerts a maximum effort against the dynamometer for 3-5 seconds. At the last second, the examiner applies a resistance sufficient to overcome the maximum effort of the person being tested and cause the subject's joint to move.

The change in adherence between 1,2,3 and 4 months into the intervention will be measured

时间窗: 1,2,3 and 4 months of intervention

Adherence will be measured by counting the amount of therapy sessions each participant completed (%)

The change in motivation between 1,2,3 and 4 months into the intervention will be measured using the observed emotion rating scale (OERS)

时间窗: 1,2,3 and 4 months of intervention

The OERS evaluates the positive (pleasure, interest/alertness) and negative mood (anger, anxiety, sadness) by observing the extent or duration of facial expressions and body movements and has a moderate to high interrater reliability. To evaluate the OERS, two exercise sessions will be recorded each month and results will be averaged to compensate for daily fluctuations.