Impact of Food Combinations on the Stimulation of Post-exercise Muscle Protein Synthesis in Healthy Adults

1. Preliminary Testing

1.1 Preparations: Participants will arrive for the preliminary testing session after an overnight fast (~10 h no caloric foods/beverages consumed) and having refrained from exercise for the 72 h prior. Prior to any in-person procedures, participants will be briefed on the procedures and risks associated with participation via reviewing the informed consent document. Participants will be encouraged to ask questions and have their questions answered prior to being asked if they'd like to continue. Confirmation will be documented via signature on an informed consent process form.

1.2 Anthropometrics: Upon provision of consent, participants' height and weight will be measured to confirm body mass index (BMI) is within eligibility limits (18.5 - 30 kg/m^2). Since participants have already been assessed for all other inclusion and exclusion criteria, an eligible BMI will result in study inclusion and continuation of the preliminary testing session. Following confirmation of study eligibility, blood pressure will be measured by a trained member of the research team. Subsequently, body composition will be determined via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in accordance with manufacturer recommendations. Briefly, participants will be asked to remove all metal objects from their person prior to being positioned by a trained technician for accurate measurement of lean body mass and fat mass. The scan lasts approximately 6-10 minutes during which the participant will be instructed to remain motionless.

1.3 Habitual Diet Record: Current diet habits will be assessed through an online automated self-administered (ASA24) diet record system. Participants will receive their individual username and password during this session and will be asked to record for 3 consecutive days (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day) prior to each trial. Since it is online, participants can complete it off-site at their leisure.

1.4 Resting Metabolic Rate: Resting metabolic rate (RMR) will be assessed via indirect calorimetry. This is a non-exertional test whereby RMR is measured using an automated gas analysis system. This device measures oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production as the difference between inspired and expired gas concentrations. Prior to the beginning of the test, participants will lie supine on a table and a clear, hard plastic hood and soft, clear plastic drape will be placed over the participants neck, head, and shoulders to capture expired gases. Participants will then lie motionless without falling asleep while respiratory gas concentrations are captured. Testing will conclude when RMR is stable for at least 20 min (typically ~30 min from the onset).