Nystatin
生产企业：Bayer pharmaceuticals corp, Bristol myers squibb co，另有 38 家
Nystatin is a polyene ionophore antifungal used to treat cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and gastrointestinal mycotic infections, particularly those caused by Candida species.
Nystatin is a polyene ionophore antifungal used to treat cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and gastrointestinal mycotic infections, particularly those caused by Candida species.
Nystatin is a channel-forming ionophore, meaning it exerts its therapeutic effect via formation of a membrane-spanning pore in the fungal plasma membrane. The formation of this pore results in a change in membrane permeability that allows for leakage of intracellular contents and the subsequent disruption of electrochemical gradients necessary for proper cell function. Selectivity for fungal cells over mammalian cells is due to nystatin’s greater binding affinity for ergosterol, a key sterol found in fungal cell walls, as opposed to its mammalian counterpart, cholesterol.
Nystatin is available in oral formulations for the treatment and/or prevention of oral candidiasis (a.k.a. thrush), intestinal candidiasis, and anal candidiasis. It is indicated topically for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis and other cutaneous candida infections. A combination product containing nystatin alongside neomycin, gramicidin D, and triamcinolone (Viaderm K.C.®) is indicated in the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses caused by bacterial or candidal infections and for pruritus ani/vulvae. It is also available in combination with metronidazole for the treatment of mixed infections due to Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida albicans. Nystatin is also sometimes used off-label for the prevention of invasive candidiasis in low birth weight neonates, though it is generally reserved as a second-line option after fluconazole.
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