两性霉素B (Abelcet, Ambisome, Amphotec +1)

概览

Amphotericin B is an antifungal used to treat fungal infections in neutropenic patients, cryptococcal meningitis in HIV infection, fungal infections, and leishmaniasis.

作用机制

Amphotericin B is fungistatic or fungicidal depending on the concentration obtained in body fluids and the susceptibility of the fungus. The drug acts by binding to sterols (ergosterol) in the cell membrane of susceptible fungi. This creates a transmembrane channel, and the resultant change in membrane permeability allowing leakage of intracellular components. Ergosterol, the principal sterol in the fungal cytoplasmic membrane, is the target site of action of amphotericin B and the azoles. Amphotericin B, a polyene, binds irreversibly to ergosterol, resulting in disruption of membrane integrity and ultimately cell death.

适应症

Used to treat potentially life threatening fungal infections.

• Coccidioidomycosis
• Fungal Infections
• Histoplasmosis
• Invasive Aspergillosis
• Invasive Fungal Infections
• Leishmaniasis
• Meningitis, Cryptococcal
• Meningitis, Fungal
• Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
• Mycotic endophthalmitis
• Penicillium marneffei infection
• Visceral Leishmaniasis