Ketoconazole
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Ketoconazole is a broad spectrum antifungal used to treat seborrheic dermatitis and fungal skin infections.
Ketoconazole is a broad spectrum antifungal used to treat seborrheic dermatitis and fungal skin infections.
Ketoconazole interacts with 14-α-sterol demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme necessary for the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. This results in inhibition of ergosterol synthesis and increased fungal cellular permeability due to reduced amounts of ergosterol present in the fungal cell membrane. This metabolic inhibition also results in accumulation of 14α-methyl-3,6-diol, a toxic metabolite. The increase in membrane fluidity is also thought to produce impairment of membrane-bound enzyme systems as components become less closely packed.
Ketoconazole is used in the treatment or prevention of fungal infections including blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, chromomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. In Europe, it is also used in the treatment of endogenous Cushing's syndrome.
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