茶碱 (Elixophyllin, Elixophylline, Pulmophylline +4)

概览

Theophylline is a xanthine used to manage the symptoms of asthma, COPD, and other lung conditions caused by reversible airflow obstruction.

作用机制

Theophylline relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels and reduces airway responsiveness to histamine, methacholine, adenosine, and allergen. Theophylline competitively inhibits type III and type IV phosphodiesterase (PDE), the enzyme responsible for breaking down cyclic AMP in smooth muscle cells, possibly resulting in bronchodilation. Theophylline also binds to the adenosine A2B receptor and blocks adenosine mediated bronchoconstriction. In inflammatory states, theophylline activates histone deacetylase to prevent transcription of inflammatory genes that require the acetylation of histones for transcription to begin.

适应症

For the treatment of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases, such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

• Asthma
• Bronchitis
• Bronchoconstriction
• Bronchospasm
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Chronic bronchial inflammation