- Approval Id
- 012c2baf569a9c32
- Drug Approval Emc Name
- Famotidine 40 mg tablets
- Drug Name
- Famotidine 40 mg tablets
- Company Address
- First Floor, Andrews House, College Road, Guildford, Surrey, GU1 4QB, UK
- Company Website
- https://www.zentiva.co.uk/contact/mi-form
- Company Medical Info Direct Line
- +44 (0)800 090 2408
- Company Medical Info Email
- UKMedInfo@zentiva.com
- Company Customer Care Direct Line
- +44 (0)844 8793 188
- Atc Code
- A02BA03
- Legal Category
- Prescription only medicine
- Authorisation Holder
- Zentiva Pharma UK Limited
12 New Fetter Lane
London
EC4A 1JP
United Kingdom
- Authorisation Number
- PL 17780/1165
- Authorisation Date
- 10/12/2024
- Instruction Authorisation Holder
- Zentiva Pharma UK Limited
12 New Fetter Lane
London
EC4A 1JP
United Kingdom
- Instruction Authorisation Number
- PL 17780/1165
- Instruction Authorisation Date
- 10/12/2024
- Instruction Composition
- Each film-coated tablet contains 40 mg famotidine.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
- Instruction Dosage Form
- Film-coated tablet (tablet)
Circular, biconvex, pink to pinkish film-coated tablet with a diameter of 8.0 - 8.2 mm, with a break line on one side.
The tablet can be divided into equal doses.
- Instruction Clinical Particulars
- 4.1 Therapeutic indications
• Duodenal ulcers and prevention of relapses of duodenal ulceration
• Benign gastric ulcers
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate reflux oesophagitis4.2 Posology and method of administration
Posology
\*Adults\*
\*Duodenal ulcers\*
The initial recommended dose is 40 mg of famotidine to be taken at night. Healing generally occurs in most patients within 4 weeks. This period, however, may be shortened if an endoscopic examination reveals that the ulcer has healed. However, in those patients whose ulcers have not healed within this 4 week period, treatment should continue for a further 4 weeks.
Prevention of relapses of duodenal ulceration - To prevent ulcers from reoccurring the recommended dose is 20 mg of famotidine to be taken at night.
\*Benign gastric ulcers\*
The recommended dose of 40 mg of famotidine to be taken at night. Treatment should continue for between 4-8 weeks unless earlier healing is revealed by endoscopy.
\*Zollinger-Ellison syndrome\*
Patients who are not receiving any antisecretory therapy should be started on a dose of 20 mg of famotidine every 6 hours. The dosage should then be adjusted to individual response. Doses up to 800 mg daily have been used up to one year without the development of significant adverse effects or tachyphylaxis.
If the desired inhibition of acid secretion cannot be attained with a daily dosage of 800 mg, alternative treatment should be considered to regulate acid secretion, since no long term experience with dosages of more than 800 mg of famotidine/day have been recorded.
Treatment should be continued for as long as necessary. Patients who have been receiving other H2-receptor antagonist treatment may be switched directly to famotidine treatment at a higher dosage than the initial dosage that is usually recommended. The starting dosage will depend on the severity of the condition and the size of the last dose of H2- antagonist previously used.
Symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate oesophagitis - The recommended dose in case of mild oesophagitis is 20 mg of famotidine twice daily. In case of mild to moderate oesophagitis, the recommended dose is 40 mg twice daily.
Generally treatment should be conducted for 6 weeks. If the condition has not improved, treatment should be continued for a further 6 weeks.
\*Renal impairment\*
Famotidine is primarily eliminated via the kidneys. For patients with impaired renal function in whom creatinine clearance is less than 30 ml/min, the daily dose of famotidine should be reduced by 50%. Caution is advised in patients with renal impairment.
Dialysis patients should also take dosages that are reduced by 50%. Famotidine 20 mg tablets should be administered at the end of dialysis or thereafter since some of the active ingredient is removed by dialysis.
\*Elderly\*
The dosage regimen recommended for elderly patients is the same as for adults.
\*Paediatric population\*:
The efficacy and safety of famotidine in children have not been established.
Method of administration
For oral use.
Famotidine tablets can be taken with or without food (see section 5.2).4.3 Contraindications
• Hypersensitivity to famotidine or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
• Cross sensitivity in this class of compounds has been observed. Therefore, famotidine should not be administered to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to other H2-receptor antagonists.4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Gastric neoplasm
The presence of gastric malignancy should be excluded prior to the use of famotidine for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Symptomatic responses of gastric ulcers following treatment with famotidine do not preclude the presence of gastric malignancy.
Renal insufficiency
As famotidine is excreted primarily via the kidneys, caution should be exercised when treating patients who are suffering from impaired renal function. A reduction in the daily dose to 20 mg at night should be considered if creatinine clearance falls below 10 ml/min (see section 4.2).
Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy for the use of Famotidine in children has not been established.
Use in the elderly
When Famotidine tablets were administered to elderly patients in clinical trials, no increase in the incidence or change in the type of drug-related side effects was observed. No dosage adjustment is required based on age alone.
General
In case of long-term treatment with high dosage, monitoring of blood count and liver function is recommended.
In case of long-standing ulcer disease, abrupt withdrawal after symptom relief should be avoided.4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
No clinically important drug interactions have been identified.
Famotidine tablets do not interact with the cytochrome P450 drug metabolising enzyme system. Compounds metabolised by this system which have been tested in man have included warfarin, theophylline, phenytoin, diazepam, propranolol, aminopyrine and antipyrine.
Indocyanide green as an index of hepatic blood flow and/or hepatic drug extraction has been tested and no significant effects have been found.
Studies in patients stabilized on phenprocoumon therapy have shown no pharmacokinetic interaction with famotidine and no effect on the pharmacokinetic or anticoagulant activity of phenprocoumon.
In addition, studies with famotidine have shown no augmentation of expected blood alcohol levels resulting from alcohol ingestion.
Iterations of gastric pH may affect the bioavailability of certain drugs resulting in a decrease in the absorption of atazanavir.
The absorption of ketoconazole and itraconazole could be reduced. Ketoconazole should be administered two hours before famotidine.
Probenecid inhibits the renal tubular secretion of famotidine and has been shown to cause a 50% increase in famotidine plasma concentrations. Therefore, concomitant use of probenecid and famotidine should be avoided.
Concomitant use of famotidine and antacids could reduce the famotidine absorption and lead to lower plasma levels of famotidine. Therefore, famotidine should be administered 1 - 2 hours before taking an antacid.
Concomitant use of sucralfate inhibits the absorption of famotidine. Therefore, sucralfate should not be administered within 2 hours of the famotidine dose.
Risk of loss of efficacy of calcium carbonate when co-administered as phosphate binder with famotidine in haemodialysis patients.
Co-administration of posaconazole oral-suspension with famotidine should be avoided if possible, since famotidine may reduce the absorption of posaconazole oral-suspension during concomitant use.
Co-administration of famotidine with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, pazopanib may decrease plasma concentrations of TKIs resulting in lower efficacy, therefore co-administration of famotidine with these TKIs is not recommended. For further specific recommendations please refer to the product information of individual TKI medicinal products.4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Famotidine is not recommended for use in pregnancy, and should be prescribed only if clearly needed. Before a decision is made to use famotidine during pregnancy, the physician should weigh the potential benefits from the drug against the possible risks involved.
Breast-feeding
Famotidine is excreted in human breast milk. Therefore breast-feeding mothers should either stop taking famotidine or stop breast-feeding.4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Some patients have experienced adverse reactions such as dizziness and headache while taking famotidine. Patients should be informed that they should avoid driving vehicles or operating machinery or doing activities which require prompt vigilance if they experience these symptoms (see section 4.8).4.8 Undesirable effects
Famotidine has been demonstrated to be generally well-tolerated.
The frequencies are defined in accordance with current guidance, as:
Very Common (≥1/10),
Common (≥1/100, <1/10),
Uncommon (≥1/1,000, <1/100),
Rare (≥1/10,000, <1/1,000),
Very rare (<1/10,000),
Not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| \*\*System Organ Class\*\* \*\*(SOC)\*\* | \*\*Frequency\*\* | \*\*Adverse Drug Reaction\*\* \*\*(Preferred Term)\*\* |
| \*\*Blood and lymphatic system disorders\*\* | Very rare | Agranulocytosis Leucopenia Neutropenia Pancytopenia Thrombocytopenia |
| \*\*Immune system disorders\*\* | Very rare | Hypersensitivity reactions (Anaphylaxis, Angioneurotic oedema, Bronchospasm) |
| \*\*Metabolism and nutrition disorders\*\* | Uncommon | Loss of appetite (anorexia) |
| \*\*Psychiatric disorders\*\* | Very rare | Reversible psychological disturbances including: Agitation Anxiety disorder Confusion Depression Disorientation Hallucination Insomnia Reduced libido |
| \*\*Nervous system disorders\*\* | Common | Headache Dizziness |
| Uncommon | Taste disorder |
| Rare | Somnolence |
| Very rare | Grand mal seizures (particularly in patients with impaired renal function) Paraesthesia Somnolence Convulsions |
| \*\*Cardiac disorders\*\* | Very rare | Atrioventricular block (with H2-receptor antagonists administered intravenously) Arrhythmias QT prolongation (especially in patients with impaired renal function) |
| \*\*Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders\*\* | Very rare | Interstitial pneumonia, sometimes fatal |
| \*\*Gastrointestinal disorders\*\* | Common | Constipation Diarrhoea |
| Uncommon | Nausea and/ or vomiting Abdominal discomfort or distension Flatulence Dry mouth |
| \*\*Hepatobiliary disorders\*\* | Very rare | Cholestatic jaundice Hepatitis Liver enzyme abnormalities Isolated cases of worsening of existing hepatic disease |
| \*\*Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders\*\* | Uncommon | Rash Pruritus Urticaria |
| Very rare | Alopecia Stevens-Johnson syndrome / Toxic epidermal necrolysis (sometimes fatal) |
| \*\*Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders\*\* | Very rare | Arthralgia Muscle cramps |
| \*\*Reproductive system and breast disorders\*\* | Very rare | Impotence |
| \*\*General disorders and administration site conditions\*\* | Uncommon | Fatigue |
| Very rare | Chest tighness |
| \*\*Investigations\*\* | Rare | Increase in laboratory values (transaminases, gamma GT, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin). |
Adverse Effects - Causal Relationship Unknown
Rare cases of gynecomastia, have been reported, however, in controlled clinical trials the incidences were not greater than those seen with placebo.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.4.9 Overdose
The adverse reactions in overdose cases are similar to the adverse reactions encountered in normal clinical experience (see section 4.8).
In the event of overdose the usual measures to remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, clinical monitoring and supportive therapy should be employed.
Patients suffering from Zollinger-Ellison syndrome have tolerated doses of up to 800 mg/day. These patients have been treated for more than a year without the development of any significant adverse effects.
- Instruction Pharmacology
- 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), H2 receptor antagonist, ATC code: A02BA03.
Clinical efficacy and safety
In healthy volunteers, single oral doses of famotidine (5 mg to 40 mg) produced dose related inhibition of basal and pentagastrin, betazole or insulin-stimulated gastric secretion. In addition, pepsin levels were also reduced and there was a decrease in the volume of the basal gastric juice and the gastric juice secreted on stimulation. Similar inhibitory effects on gastric secretion were also noted in patients with benign gastric or duodenal ulceration.
In contrast to control subjects on cimetidine 300 mg or on placebo, inhibition of gastric secretion persisted in volunteers given a second pentagastrin challenge 5-7 hours after the initial dose of famotidine.
A single oral dose of 40 mg of famotidine, given at 9 pm was effective for more than 12 hours after administration and had some continuing effect through the breakfast meal. The duration of action of the 80 mg dose of famotidine administered at 9 pm was no longer than the 40 mg dose.
In several studies, 10 mg and 20 mg doses of famotidine increased basal serum gastrin levels, however the levels remained unchanged in others. Gastric emptying, and hepatic and portal blood flows were unaltered by famotidine. In addition, famotidine did not cause changes in endocrine function.5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
\*Absorption\*
Famotidine is rapidly absorbed and takes effect within an hour of oral administration, reaching dose-related peak plasma concentration within 1-3 hours. Oral bioavailability is not affected by the presence of food in the stomach. Repeat doses do not lead to accumulation of the drug.
\*Distribution\*
There is relatively low (15 - 20%) protein binding of famotidine in the plasma. The plasma half-life after a single oral dose and or multiple repeated doses (for 5 days) was approximately 3 hours.
\*Biotransformation\*
Famotidine is metabolised in the liver, with formation of the inactive sulfoxide metabolite.
\*Elimination\*
Famotidine is excreted mainly unchanged in the urine (25-60%); a small amount of the drug may be excreted as sulfoxide.
\*Linearity/non-linearity\*
Famotidine displays linear kinetics.5.3 Preclinical safety data
There are no pre-clinical data of relevance to the prescriber which are additional to that already included in other sections of the SPC.
- Instruction Pharmaceutical Particulars
- 6.1 List of excipients
Pregelatinised starch
Microcrystalline cellulose
Talc
Magnesium stearate
Iron oxide red
Coating blend pink
Hypromellose
Calcium Carbonate (E170)
Macrogol
Carmine (E120)6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.6.3 Shelf life
3 years6.4 Special precautions for storage
Store below 25ºC.6.5 Nature and contents of container
PVC / Aluminium blisters
Pack sizes: 5, 7, 10, 14, 15, 20, 28, 30, 49, 50, 56, 60, 90, 98, 100 film-coated tablets
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
No special requirements for disposal.
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
- Instruction Content
- ## Composition
Each film-coated tablet contains 40 mg famotidine.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
## Pharmaceutical Form
Film-coated tablet (tablet)
Circular, biconvex, pink to pinkish film-coated tablet with a diameter of 8.0 - 8.2 mm, with a break line on one side.
The tablet can be divided into equal doses.
## Clinical Particulars
4.1 Therapeutic indications
• Duodenal ulcers and prevention of relapses of duodenal ulceration
• Benign gastric ulcers
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate reflux oesophagitis4.2 Posology and method of administration
Posology
\*Adults\*
\*Duodenal ulcers\*
The initial recommended dose is 40 mg of famotidine to be taken at night. Healing generally occurs in most patients within 4 weeks. This period, however, may be shortened if an endoscopic examination reveals that the ulcer has healed. However, in those patients whose ulcers have not healed within this 4 week period, treatment should continue for a further 4 weeks.
Prevention of relapses of duodenal ulceration - To prevent ulcers from reoccurring the recommended dose is 20 mg of famotidine to be taken at night.
\*Benign gastric ulcers\*
The recommended dose of 40 mg of famotidine to be taken at night. Treatment should continue for between 4-8 weeks unless earlier healing is revealed by endoscopy.
\*Zollinger-Ellison syndrome\*
Patients who are not receiving any antisecretory therapy should be started on a dose of 20 mg of famotidine every 6 hours. The dosage should then be adjusted to individual response. Doses up to 800 mg daily have been used up to one year without the development of significant adverse effects or tachyphylaxis.
If the desired inhibition of acid secretion cannot be attained with a daily dosage of 800 mg, alternative treatment should be considered to regulate acid secretion, since no long term experience with dosages of more than 800 mg of famotidine/day have been recorded.
Treatment should be continued for as long as necessary. Patients who have been receiving other H2-receptor antagonist treatment may be switched directly to famotidine treatment at a higher dosage than the initial dosage that is usually recommended. The starting dosage will depend on the severity of the condition and the size of the last dose of H2- antagonist previously used.
Symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate oesophagitis - The recommended dose in case of mild oesophagitis is 20 mg of famotidine twice daily. In case of mild to moderate oesophagitis, the recommended dose is 40 mg twice daily.
Generally treatment should be conducted for 6 weeks. If the condition has not improved, treatment should be continued for a further 6 weeks.
\*Renal impairment\*
Famotidine is primarily eliminated via the kidneys. For patients with impaired renal function in whom creatinine clearance is less than 30 ml/min, the daily dose of famotidine should be reduced by 50%. Caution is advised in patients with renal impairment.
Dialysis patients should also take dosages that are reduced by 50%. Famotidine 20 mg tablets should be administered at the end of dialysis or thereafter since some of the active ingredient is removed by dialysis.
\*Elderly\*
The dosage regimen recommended for elderly patients is the same as for adults.
\*Paediatric population\*:
The efficacy and safety of famotidine in children have not been established.
Method of administration
For oral use.
Famotidine tablets can be taken with or without food (see section 5.2).4.3 Contraindications
• Hypersensitivity to famotidine or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
• Cross sensitivity in this class of compounds has been observed. Therefore, famotidine should not be administered to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to other H2-receptor antagonists.4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Gastric neoplasm
The presence of gastric malignancy should be excluded prior to the use of famotidine for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Symptomatic responses of gastric ulcers following treatment with famotidine do not preclude the presence of gastric malignancy.
Renal insufficiency
As famotidine is excreted primarily via the kidneys, caution should be exercised when treating patients who are suffering from impaired renal function. A reduction in the daily dose to 20 mg at night should be considered if creatinine clearance falls below 10 ml/min (see section 4.2).
Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy for the use of Famotidine in children has not been established.
Use in the elderly
When Famotidine tablets were administered to elderly patients in clinical trials, no increase in the incidence or change in the type of drug-related side effects was observed. No dosage adjustment is required based on age alone.
General
In case of long-term treatment with high dosage, monitoring of blood count and liver function is recommended.
In case of long-standing ulcer disease, abrupt withdrawal after symptom relief should be avoided.4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
No clinically important drug interactions have been identified.
Famotidine tablets do not interact with the cytochrome P450 drug metabolising enzyme system. Compounds metabolised by this system which have been tested in man have included warfarin, theophylline, phenytoin, diazepam, propranolol, aminopyrine and antipyrine.
Indocyanide green as an index of hepatic blood flow and/or hepatic drug extraction has been tested and no significant effects have been found.
Studies in patients stabilized on phenprocoumon therapy have shown no pharmacokinetic interaction with famotidine and no effect on the pharmacokinetic or anticoagulant activity of phenprocoumon.
In addition, studies with famotidine have shown no augmentation of expected blood alcohol levels resulting from alcohol ingestion.
Iterations of gastric pH may affect the bioavailability of certain drugs resulting in a decrease in the absorption of atazanavir.
The absorption of ketoconazole and itraconazole could be reduced. Ketoconazole should be administered two hours before famotidine.
Probenecid inhibits the renal tubular secretion of famotidine and has been shown to cause a 50% increase in famotidine plasma concentrations. Therefore, concomitant use of probenecid and famotidine should be avoided.
Concomitant use of famotidine and antacids could reduce the famotidine absorption and lead to lower plasma levels of famotidine. Therefore, famotidine should be administered 1 - 2 hours before taking an antacid.
Concomitant use of sucralfate inhibits the absorption of famotidine. Therefore, sucralfate should not be administered within 2 hours of the famotidine dose.
Risk of loss of efficacy of calcium carbonate when co-administered as phosphate binder with famotidine in haemodialysis patients.
Co-administration of posaconazole oral-suspension with famotidine should be avoided if possible, since famotidine may reduce the absorption of posaconazole oral-suspension during concomitant use.
Co-administration of famotidine with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, pazopanib may decrease plasma concentrations of TKIs resulting in lower efficacy, therefore co-administration of famotidine with these TKIs is not recommended. For further specific recommendations please refer to the product information of individual TKI medicinal products.4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Famotidine is not recommended for use in pregnancy, and should be prescribed only if clearly needed. Before a decision is made to use famotidine during pregnancy, the physician should weigh the potential benefits from the drug against the possible risks involved.
Breast-feeding
Famotidine is excreted in human breast milk. Therefore breast-feeding mothers should either stop taking famotidine or stop breast-feeding.4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
Some patients have experienced adverse reactions such as dizziness and headache while taking famotidine. Patients should be informed that they should avoid driving vehicles or operating machinery or doing activities which require prompt vigilance if they experience these symptoms (see section 4.8).4.8 Undesirable effects
Famotidine has been demonstrated to be generally well-tolerated.
The frequencies are defined in accordance with current guidance, as:
Very Common (≥1/10),
Common (≥1/100, <1/10),
Uncommon (≥1/1,000, <1/100),
Rare (≥1/10,000, <1/1,000),
Very rare (<1/10,000),
Not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| \*\*System Organ Class\*\* \*\*(SOC)\*\* | \*\*Frequency\*\* | \*\*Adverse Drug Reaction\*\* \*\*(Preferred Term)\*\* |
| \*\*Blood and lymphatic system disorders\*\* | Very rare | Agranulocytosis Leucopenia Neutropenia Pancytopenia Thrombocytopenia |
| \*\*Immune system disorders\*\* | Very rare | Hypersensitivity reactions (Anaphylaxis, Angioneurotic oedema, Bronchospasm) |
| \*\*Metabolism and nutrition disorders\*\* | Uncommon | Loss of appetite (anorexia) |
| \*\*Psychiatric disorders\*\* | Very rare | Reversible psychological disturbances including: Agitation Anxiety disorder Confusion Depression Disorientation Hallucination Insomnia Reduced libido |
| \*\*Nervous system disorders\*\* | Common | Headache Dizziness |
| Uncommon | Taste disorder |
| Rare | Somnolence |
| Very rare | Grand mal seizures (particularly in patients with impaired renal function) Paraesthesia Somnolence Convulsions |
| \*\*Cardiac disorders\*\* | Very rare | Atrioventricular block (with H2-receptor antagonists administered intravenously) Arrhythmias QT prolongation (especially in patients with impaired renal function) |
| \*\*Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders\*\* | Very rare | Interstitial pneumonia, sometimes fatal |
| \*\*Gastrointestinal disorders\*\* | Common | Constipation Diarrhoea |
| Uncommon | Nausea and/ or vomiting Abdominal discomfort or distension Flatulence Dry mouth |
| \*\*Hepatobiliary disorders\*\* | Very rare | Cholestatic jaundice Hepatitis Liver enzyme abnormalities Isolated cases of worsening of existing hepatic disease |
| \*\*Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders\*\* | Uncommon | Rash Pruritus Urticaria |
| Very rare | Alopecia Stevens-Johnson syndrome / Toxic epidermal necrolysis (sometimes fatal) |
| \*\*Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders\*\* | Very rare | Arthralgia Muscle cramps |
| \*\*Reproductive system and breast disorders\*\* | Very rare | Impotence |
| \*\*General disorders and administration site conditions\*\* | Uncommon | Fatigue |
| Very rare | Chest tighness |
| \*\*Investigations\*\* | Rare | Increase in laboratory values (transaminases, gamma GT, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin). |
Adverse Effects - Causal Relationship Unknown
Rare cases of gynecomastia, have been reported, however, in controlled clinical trials the incidences were not greater than those seen with placebo.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.4.9 Overdose
The adverse reactions in overdose cases are similar to the adverse reactions encountered in normal clinical experience (see section 4.8).
In the event of overdose the usual measures to remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, clinical monitoring and supportive therapy should be employed.
Patients suffering from Zollinger-Ellison syndrome have tolerated doses of up to 800 mg/day. These patients have been treated for more than a year without the development of any significant adverse effects.
## Pharmacological Properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), H2 receptor antagonist, ATC code: A02BA03.
Clinical efficacy and safety
In healthy volunteers, single oral doses of famotidine (5 mg to 40 mg) produced dose related inhibition of basal and pentagastrin, betazole or insulin-stimulated gastric secretion. In addition, pepsin levels were also reduced and there was a decrease in the volume of the basal gastric juice and the gastric juice secreted on stimulation. Similar inhibitory effects on gastric secretion were also noted in patients with benign gastric or duodenal ulceration.
In contrast to control subjects on cimetidine 300 mg or on placebo, inhibition of gastric secretion persisted in volunteers given a second pentagastrin challenge 5-7 hours after the initial dose of famotidine.
A single oral dose of 40 mg of famotidine, given at 9 pm was effective for more than 12 hours after administration and had some continuing effect through the breakfast meal. The duration of action of the 80 mg dose of famotidine administered at 9 pm was no longer than the 40 mg dose.
In several studies, 10 mg and 20 mg doses of famotidine increased basal serum gastrin levels, however the levels remained unchanged in others. Gastric emptying, and hepatic and portal blood flows were unaltered by famotidine. In addition, famotidine did not cause changes in endocrine function.5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
\*Absorption\*
Famotidine is rapidly absorbed and takes effect within an hour of oral administration, reaching dose-related peak plasma concentration within 1-3 hours. Oral bioavailability is not affected by the presence of food in the stomach. Repeat doses do not lead to accumulation of the drug.
\*Distribution\*
There is relatively low (15 - 20%) protein binding of famotidine in the plasma. The plasma half-life after a single oral dose and or multiple repeated doses (for 5 days) was approximately 3 hours.
\*Biotransformation\*
Famotidine is metabolised in the liver, with formation of the inactive sulfoxide metabolite.
\*Elimination\*
Famotidine is excreted mainly unchanged in the urine (25-60%); a small amount of the drug may be excreted as sulfoxide.
\*Linearity/non-linearity\*
Famotidine displays linear kinetics.5.3 Preclinical safety data
There are no pre-clinical data of relevance to the prescriber which are additional to that already included in other sections of the SPC.
## Pharmaceutical Particulars
6.1 List of excipients
Pregelatinised starch
Microcrystalline cellulose
Talc
Magnesium stearate
Iron oxide red
Coating blend pink
Hypromellose
Calcium Carbonate (E170)
Macrogol
Carmine (E120)6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.6.3 Shelf life
3 years6.4 Special precautions for storage
Store below 25ºC.6.5 Nature and contents of container
PVC / Aluminium blisters
Pack sizes: 5, 7, 10, 14, 15, 20, 28, 30, 49, 50, 56, 60, 90, 98, 100 film-coated tablets
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
No special requirements for disposal.
Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
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