氯霉素 (Chloromycetin)

概览

Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic that is effective against a variety of susceptible and serious bacterial infections but is not frequently used because of its high risk of bone marrow toxicity.

作用机制

Chloramphenicol is lipid-soluble, allowing it to diffuse through the bacterial cell membrane. It then reversibly binds to the L16 protein of the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, where transfer of amino acids to growing peptide chains is prevented (perhaps by suppression of peptidyl transferase activity), thus inhibiting peptide bond formation and subsequent protein synthesis.

适应症

Used in treatment of cholera, as it destroys the vibrios and decreases the diarrhea. It is effective against tetracycline-resistant vibrios. It is also used in eye drops or ointment to treat bacterial conjunctivitis.

• Acne
• Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC)
• Bacterial Conjunctivitis
• Bacterial Conjunctivitis caused by susceptible bacteria
• Bacterial Infections
• Bacterial Keratitis
• Bacterial dacryocystitis
• Bacterial diarrhoea
• Keratitis
• Ocular Inflammation
• Trachoma
• Anterior eye segment inflammation