睾酮 (Androderm, Androgel, Axiron +7)

概览

Testosterone is a hormone used to treat hypogonadism, breast carcinoma in women, or the vasomotor symptoms of menopause.

作用机制

The androgen receptor exists in the cytoplasm bound to the heat shock proteins HSP90, HSP70, and other chaperones. After binding to an androgen, the androgen receptor dissociates from HSP90 and undergoes a conformational change to slow the rate of dissociation from the androgen receptor. The androgen-receptor complex is transported into the nucleus where it binds to DNA and recruits other transcriptional regulators to form a pre-initiation complex and eventually induce expression of specific genes. Testosterone and its active metabolite dihydrotestosterone (DHT) antagonize the androgen receptor to develop masculine sex organs including the prostate, seminal vesicles, penis, and scrotum. Antagonism of the androgen receptor is also responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics including facial and body hair, enlargement of the larynx, thickening of the vocal cords, and changes in muscle and fat distribution.

适应症

Testosterone is indicated to treat primary hypogonadism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

• Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism
• Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism
• Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
• Puberty, Delayed
• Inoperable, metastatic Breast cancer