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Leronlimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated
Leronlimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated
CCR5 is a helical protein with multiple extracellular regions with adjacent G proteins. When a chemokine binds CCR5, the Gαβγ trimer phosphorylates GDP to GTP and Gα dissociates. Activated Gα activates adenylate cyclase, and increasing levels of cyclic AMP activate cytosolic protein kinase A. Further downstream effects of CCR5 signalling include activation of NF-κB and IL-6, as well as effects on cell proliferation, migration, and survival. HIV enters cells expressing CD4 and a fusion coreceptor such as CCR5 and CXCR4. Leronlimab is a monoclonal antibody which binds to multiple extracellular regions of the CCR5 receptor, preventing the entry of HIV into the cell. Leronlimab's blocking of CCR5 is being investigated in cancer treatment, for it's effect on the cell cycle and immuno-modulation. Leronlimab is also being investigated as a treatment for patients severely ill with COVID-19 due to it's effects on mitigating the cytokine storm and preventing immune-mediated injury.
Leronlimab is currently being investigated for the treatment of a number of cancers and HIV. Recently leronlimab has begun a phase II clinical trial in severely ill COVID-19 patients. Preliminary data shows a reduction in the 'cytokine storm', particularly IL-6, as well as a normalization of the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio. These results may mitigate immune mediate injury seen in severely ill COVID-19 patients.
