苯巴比妥 (Donnatal, Luminal, Phenobarb +2)

概览

Phenobarbital is a long-lasting barbiturate and anticonvulsant used in the treatment of all types of seizures, except for absent seizures.

作用机制

Phenobarbital acts on GABAA receptors, increasing synaptic inhibition. This has the effect of elevating seizure threshold and reducing the spread of seizure activity from a seizure focus. Phenobarbital may also inhibit calcium channels, resulting in a decrease in excitatory transmitter release. The sedative-hypnotic effects of phenobarbital are likely the result of its effect on the polysynaptic midbrain reticular formation, which controls CNS arousal.

适应症

For the treatment of all types of seizures except absence seizures.

• Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
• Anxiety
• Febrile Convulsions
• Hyperbilirubinemia
• Insomnia
• Menopausal Symptoms
• Partial-Onset Seizures
• Seizures, Generalized
• Withdrawal Symptoms