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Checkpoint Inhibitor Refractory Cancer Market Poised for Growth as Novel Immuno-Oncology Candidates Target Resistance

- The checkpoint inhibitor refractory cancer market is expected to grow significantly by 2036, driven by rising resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and demand for next-generation therapies. - Approximately 40–60% of patients with melanoma, NSCLC, renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and head and neck cancers experience primary resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy. - Promising investigational therapies include Sitravatinib + Nivolumab, TAVO + Pembrolizumab, Botensilimab + Balstilimab, and ICT01, which aim to overcome resistance and restore antitumor immunity. - The United States accounted for the largest checkpoint inhibitor refractory cancer treatment market size in the 7MM in 2025.