Mental Health Intervention Research in At-Risk Adolescents
Overview
- Phase
- N/A
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Mental Health Wellness 1
- Sponsor
- Colorado State University
- Enrollment
- 74
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Mindfulness - Self Compassion
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 11 months ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The goal of the proposed research is to support adolescent health through providing inclusive evidence-based programming that is in line with community needs. Specifically, the investigators aim to: 1) investigate the effects of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on adolescent mental health, 2) identify underlying mechanisms (e.g., engagement, stress physiology, emotion regulation) of MBI for adolescent health and wellbeing 3) identify facilitators and barriers of engagement in MBI for community adolescents.
Detailed Description
Experiencing mental health problems during adolescence is associated with symptom worsening and recurrence later in life, as well as poorer physical health and increased risk for preventable chronic diseases. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) has been shown to support key skills and capacities that may protect against mental health challenges, including emotion regulation and stress physiology. Yet, MBI effects on health and wellbeing outcomes in adolescents are generally small and inconsistent across studies. This research will provide an opportunity for testing MBI in community adolescent samples, with a focus on clarifying underlying mechanisms and understanding subjective facilitators and barriers to engagement in MBI is critical. In research with adolescents, L2B has been associated with improvements in emotion regulation and indicators of mental and physical wellbeing. In our previous work, the investigators delivered L2B as part of a broader healthy lifestyle program for families, and it was feasible and acceptable to adolescent participants. Delivering L2B is also consistent with the results of the 2020 Larimer County Needs Assessment, in which 48% of respondents indicated a need for more resources to support mental health and stress management for youth. Thus, given the solid evidence base for the benefits of L2B for adolescents, our experience delivering L2B to Northern Colorado teens in a previous phase of this community-engaged work, and the identified community need for inclusive, evidence-based mental health prevention programming for adolescents, the investigators will begin delivering L2B and evaluating the program's benefits on adolescent health and wellbeing. The capacity of mindfulness, or present-centered, nonjudgmental attention, has also been associated with fewer mental health concerns in adolescents. However, meta-analyses and recent large-scale randomized controlled trials indicate that MBI does not always produce the desired outcomes in adolescents. This heterogeneity of findings indicates the need for mechanistic studies that closely examine the processes occurring during and between intervention sessions. This project both addresses an identified community need (inclusive mental health programming for adolescents) and will advance our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie MBI efficacy for supporting youth mental health in nonclinical samples. This study will be a single-arm trial of an MBI utilizing a repeated measures assessment design. The single-arm nature keeps the project aligned with our goal of meeting community needs, and the multiple assessment timepoints (baseline, weekly across the 6-week intervention, follow-up) allows us to examine temporal ordering of changes in hypothesized mechanisms. With this project the investigators seek to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of mindfulness-based intervention effectiveness for adolescent health.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •between the ages of 12-18 years old,
- •Reside in Larimer County or the surrounding area.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Adolescents will not take part in the program if they demonstrate active suicidal ideation and/or behavior.
- •Adolescents will not take part in the program and/or research activities if they have a medical and/or psychological/behavioral condition that, in the opinion of the research team, could interfere with safety for themselves or others or interfere with the capability of the youth or other participants to potentially benefit from the program (e.g., severe emotional-behavioral disturbance, inability to follow facilitator directions) .
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Mindfulness - Self Compassion
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Adolescent self report on the Self Compassion Scale - Short Form; The scale yields a sum score from 0-60 on 12 items, and then an average will be taken. Higher scores reflect higher levels of self compassion.
Mindfulness - Behavioral Task
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Adolescent will complete the Breath Counting Task, a 20-minute computer-administered objective measure of mindfulness. In the task, participants are required to count their breaths in cycles of nine, indicating each breath with a button press. Counting accuracy is calculated as 100% - (# of incorrect ongoing 9-counts + # of self-caught miscounts)/(# of ongoing 9-counts + # of self-caught miscounts).
Emotion Regulation - Adolescent Report
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Adolescent self-report on Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Short Form; The scale yields a sum score from 0-90 on 18 items. Higher scores indicate more difficulties in emotion regulation
Emotion Regulation - Parent Report
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Parent self-report on Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Parent Version; The scale yields a sum score from 0-145 on 29 items. Higher scores indicate more difficulties in emotion regulation
Stress Reactivity - Respiratory Sinus Arrythmia
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Respiratory changes will be measured measured by recording the rate and depth of the breathing cycle using a pneumograph transducer fastened around the center of the chest; this transducer measures changes in chest expansion and contraction. This data will be collected throughout a brief baseline period, a stressor task (the Trier Social Stress Task), and a recovery period.
Stress Reactivity - Heart Rate
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Electrocardiogram (ECG) will be used to record the electrical signal of the heart using electrodes on both legs above the ankle both and above the right wrist. This will be collected throughout a brief baseline period, a stressor task (the Trier Social Stress Task), and a recovery period.
Mindfulness - Attention
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Adolescent self report on the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale; The scale yields a sum score from 0-75 on 15 items, and then an average will be taken. Higher scores reflect higher levels of dispositional mindfulness.
Stress Reactivity - Skin Conductance
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Skin conductance level will be measured by attaching two electrodes to the participant's fingertips (on the index and middle finger of the left hand). This data will be collected throughout a brief baseline period, a stressor task (the Trier Social Stress Task), and a recovery period.
Stress Reactivity - Blood Pressure
Time Frame: 6 weeks
A Dinamap Pro will be used to measure systolic and diastolic blood pressure. This will be collected throughout a brief baseline period, a stressor task (the Trier Social Stress Task), and a recovery period.
Mental health - Anxiety
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Self report on Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Emotional Distress Scale - Anxiety. The scale produces a sum score of 13 to 65 with higher scores indicating greater severity of anxiety.
Mental health - Depression
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Self report on Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Emotional Distress Scale - Depression. The scale produces a sum score of 14 to 70 with higher scores indicating greater severity of depression.
Secondary Outcomes
- Compassion for others(6 weeks)
- Eating behavior(6 weeks)
- Engagement - Cognitive Behavioral(6 weeks)
- Social Media Use(6 weeks)
- Stress appraisal(6 weeks)
- Objectified Body Consciousness(6 weeks)
- Engagement - Teacher and Classmate Support(6 weeks)
- Intervention liking and acceptability(6 week follow up only)
- Engagement - Value(6 weeks)
- Engagement - Interest(6 weeks)
- Engagement - Mindfulness(6 weeks)
- Engagement - Observational(6 weeks)