Trial of Parotid Sparing Whole Brain Radiation

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of parotid sparing in reducing measurable xerostomia (dry mouth) in patients undergoing whole brain radiotherapy. This is primarily a two-arm, single-blind, randomized study of parotid sparing whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), with a third observational arm of patients who were identified after radiation had already started or who refused randomization but were willing to be followed for quality of life assessment. Qualifying patients who are interested in participating in the trial will be asked to complete an anonymous screening baseline xerostomia questionnaire. If their raw score on this questionnaire meets eligibility criteria, they will be offered enrollment on the study. Patients identified prior to radiation start will be offered enrollment into the interventional randomization arm, with the observation arm offered to those who refuse randomization. Patients identified after radiation has already started, but within 5 days of the first day of radiation, will be offered enrollment into the observational arm. Questionnaires completed by patients who consent to the trial will be assigned patient information (de-anonymized) and serve as their baseline quality of life data. After baseline assessment, subjects will be asked to complete the same questionnaire again at the end of treatment, as well as two weeks, one month, three months, and six months after treatment completion.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Patients to be treated with WBRT using 3-dimensional conformal RT in 10-15 fractions to a total dose of 30-35 Gy for any diagnosis other than elective treatment of potentially subclinical intracranial disease.
No prior radiation that would have exposed the parotids to a significant level of radiation (estimated >10 Gy mean parotid dose). Patients receiving prior stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis are eligible for inclusion in this trial as this form of radiation is highly conformal and exposes the parotids to minimal (estimated <1 Gy) radiation.
- Patients enrolling on the observational arm may have started their current course of whole brain radiation therapy within 5 days prior to completing the baseline screening questionnaire and consenting to study.
Greater than or equal to 18 years of age (no upper age limit).
Raw xerostomia score < 40 / 80 on the initial screening xerostomia questionnaire. This is calculated by adding up the values from questions 1-8.
Initial xerostomia questionnaire and informed consent obtained within the required time frame (≤ 30 days before RT start for interventional arm; ≤ 5 days after RT start for observational arm).

Exclusion Criteria

Patients receiving WBRT without the use of a CT- or MRI-based planning simulation.
Patients receiving WBRT with the use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy.
Patient receiving WBRT as elective treatment of potentially subclinical intracranial disease (e.g., WBRT for prophylactic cranial irradiation of small cell lung cancer).
Patients physically unable to communicate by paper or phone to complete the study survey.
Prisoners.
Pregnant patients.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Randomized Arm - Control Group	Standard WBRT	Patients randomized to this group will receive standard WBRT.
Randomized Arm - Intervention Group	Parotid sparing WBRT	Patients randomized to this group will receive parotid sparing WBRT.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Xerostomia One Month After Completion of Treatment	Up to 45 days	Between baseline and 1 month after the treatment xerostomia symptoms were assessed, in 2 randomized groups namely Arm A and Arm B. Xerostomia symptoms were assessed using the patient-reported study xerostomia questionnaire. The questionnaire includes 8 questions, and each question score changes between 0 to 10. The increasing value represents worse xerostomia symptoms. No xerostomia symptom= 0 and highest xerostomia symptom=10. The total score will be on a scale from 0-80 (8 categories with a maximum score of 10). Changes in xerostomia symptoms in each arm were tabulated. Positive values represent increased xerostomia symptoms and negative values represent decreasing xerostomia symptoms and no difference is no change.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Xerostomia Based on Radiotherapy Treatment Fields- One Month After the Treatment	Up to 45 days	Between baseline and 1 month after the treatment xerostomia symptoms were assessed and tabulated based on the whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) technique. The Standard WBRT Group includes both randomized (Group A) and non-randomized (Group C) subjects who received WBRT. The Parotid Sparing WBRT Group includes subjects who were randomized and received Parotid Sparing WBRT (Group B). Xerostomia symptoms were assessed using the patient-reported study xerostomia questionnaire. The questionnaire includes 8 questions, and each question score changes between 0 to 10. The increasing value represents worse xerostomia symptoms. No xerostomia symptom= 0 and highest xerostomia symptom=10. The total score will be on a scale from 0-80 (8 categories with a maximum score of 10). Changes were tabulated as: Positive values represent worsened xerostomia symptoms, and both negative values and no change values represent did not worsen.
Freedom From Relapse	Up to 6 months	The number of subjects with marginal cervical spine relapse in each randomization arm.

Locations (3): Wake Forest Baptist Health Sciences
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Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Radiation Oncology
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Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
University of Michigan
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Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States