Does a Novel Intervention Targeting Derailment Decrease Depressive Symptoms?
- Conditions
- DepressionDepressive SymptomsAnxietyDerailment
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Derailment-Focused Reflective JournalingOther: Everyday Tasks Reflective Journaling
- Registration Number
- NCT06265701
- Lead Sponsor
- Cornell University
- Brief Summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to explore the efficacy of a reflective journaling intervention-"Me Through Time"- in decreasing levels of derailment, and its impact on downstream depressive symptoms.
- Detailed Description
The population will consist of those who: are considered as emergent adults (18-29 years) with at least moderate to severe depressive symptoms (a score of at least 20 on the BDI-II), moderate anxiety symptoms (a score of at least 10 on the GAD-7), and high levels of derailment (a score of at least 37 on the Derailment Scale).
Main research questions are as follows:
* Does the "Me Through Time" journaling intervention predict decreased derailment and depressive symptoms at post-assessment compared to the severity of pre-assessment derailment and depressive symptoms?
* Are post-assessment derailment and depressive symptoms lower for those who engaged in the "Me Through Time" journaling intervention compared to a control journaling intervention?
Participants will be asked to complete structured journal entries over the course of 5 sessions over 2 weeks, whereby each session addresses a different critical time period. These include: (1) first semester of college, (2) high school years, (3) middle school years, (4) early childhood, and finally (5) desired future. Participants will also be tasked with completing several assessment scales both before and after completing the "Me Through Time" journaling experience, as well as at the midway point.
The investigators will compare an experimental group engaging in the novel, derailment-focused "Me Through Time" journaling intervention with a control group engaging in a neutral, non-identity-based reflective journaling activity spanning the same time period as the "Me Through Time" intervention to see if post-assessment derailment and depressive symptoms are lower for those who engaged in the "Me Through Time" journaling intervention compared to the control journaling intervention.
The investigators hypothesize that those in the experimental condition will endorse significantly lower derailment and depressive symptoms at T2 than those in the control condition. Further, the investigators hypothesize significant decreases in T1 to T2 depressive symptoms and derailment for those in the experimental condition, but not in the control condition.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 116
- Participants must be aged 18-29.
- Participants must be fluent in English.
- Participants must have attended at least one semester of college.
- Participants must live in the United States
- Participants must have a score on the Derailment Scale of at least 37 at pre-assessment.
- Participants must have a score on the Beck Depression Inventory II of at least 20 at pre- assessment.
- Participants must have a score on the GAD-7 of at least 10 at pre-assessment.
- Participants must be willing and able to engage in a 2-week reflective journaling experience.
- Those outside of the specified age range.
- Those who are not fluent in English.
- Those who have not attended at least one semester of college.
- Those who do not live in the United States.
- Those who have a score on the Derailment Scale of less than 37 at pre-assessment.
- Those have a score on the Beck Depression Inventory II of less than 20 at pre- assessment.
- Those who have a score on the GAD-7 of less than 10 at pre-assessment.
- Those who are neither willing nor able to engage in a 2-week reflective journaling experience.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Derailment-Focused Reflective Journaling Condition Derailment-Focused Reflective Journaling Participants will be tasked with engaging in a 5-session journaling intervention where participants reflect on core aspects about their (participants') selves within traditional developmental stages (e.g., first semester in college, early childhood, etc.). Everyday Tasks Reflective Journaling Condition Everyday Tasks Reflective Journaling Participants will be tasked with engaging in a 5-session journaling intervention where they (participants) reflect on everyday tasks (e.g., their last trip to the grocery store, the last movie they saw, etc.).
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change from Pre-Assessment in Depressive Symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) at Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) Baseline (Pre-Assessment) and Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) The Beck Depression Inventory II is a validated, 21-item self-reported instrument assessing the severity of depression symptomatology in adolescents and adults. Items are summed to create a total score, whereby higher scores indicate higher levels of depressive symptoms. Scores range from 0-63, and a total score of 0-13 is considered minimal range, 14-19 is mild, 20-28 is moderate, and 29-63 is severe.
Change from Pre-Assessment in Levels of Derailment on the Derailment Scale at Session 5 Pre-Assessment (Baseline) and Session 5 The Derailment Scale is a validated, 10-item self-reported instrument that measures one's level of derailment - that is, one's perceptions of global change in self and direction. Possible scores range from 10-50, whereby higher scores indicate higher levels of derailment.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change from Pre-Assessment in Anxiety Symptoms on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder - 7 (GAD-7) at Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) Baseline (Pre-Assessment) and Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item is a validated, self-reported instrument that is used to assess symptoms of anxiety based on the generalized anxiety disorder diagnostic criteria described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Possible scores range from 0 to 21, whereby higher score indicate higher levels of anxiety symptoms. Specifically, a raw score of 0-4 is considered minimal range, 5-9 is mild, 10-14 is moderate, and 15-21 is severe.
Change from Pre-Assessment in Levels of Positive and Negative Affect on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) at Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) Baseline (Pre-Assessment) and Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule is a validated, self-reported instrument that is used to measure mood and emotion, specifically positive affect and negative affect. It contains 20 items, 10 of which measure positive affect (e.g., excited, inspired) and the other 10 of which measure negative affect (e.g., upset, afraid). One's score on this instrument is separated into Positive Affect and Negative Affect scores, with a higher score indicating more positive or negative affect, respectively. Scores for both Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scores can range from 10-50.
Change from Pre-Assessment in Levels of Perceived Stress on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) at Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) Baseline (Pre-Assessment) and Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) The Perceived Stress Scale is a validated, 10-item self-reported instrument that measures the perception of stress; that is, it is a measure of the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful. Possible scores range from 0-40, with higher scores representing higher levels of stress.
Change from Pre-Assessment in Levels of Optimism Versus Pessimism on the Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT - Revised) at Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment Baseline (Pre-Assessment) and Week 2 (Session 6/Post-Assessment) The Life Orientation Test - Revised is a validated, 10-item self-reported instrument that is used to measure individual differences in optimism versus pessimism. Negatively worded items (Items 3, 7, and 9) are reverse coded before scoring. Responses to these items are then summed with the participant's responses to Items 1, 4, and 10 to compute an overall optimism score. Items 2, 5, 6, and 8 are fillers and should not be scored. Thus, scores on this instrument range from 0 to 24, whereby lower scores indicate lower optimism (higher pessimism) and higher scores indicate higher optimism (lower pessimism).
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Cornell University
🇺🇸Ithaca, New York, United States