The Effect of Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Individuals

Not Applicable

Recruiting

• Conditions: Glucose Metabolism Disorders (Including Diabetes Mellitus)

• Registration Number: NCT07172009
• Lead Sponsor: University of Plymouth

Brief Summary

The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth through the salivary enzyme amylase which breaks food starches into maltose and disaccharides. The mouth also has a large community of microorganisms which include bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa that can also assist in the digestion of carbohydrates. Mouthwashes containing antibacterial compounds such as chlorhexidine are used to kill oral bacteria, but current evidence indicates that a majority of these bacteria are essential for human health.

The aim of this study is to investigate whether chlorhexidine mouthwash can also affect the digestion of carbohydrates. At least 25 individuals will be recruited. Participants will visit the laboratory in two occasions. A saliva and blood sample (fingertip to measure blood glucose) will be taken at baseline. Then, using a randomized, cross-over and double-blind design, the participants will rinse their mouth for two minutes with a placebo or chlorhexidine mouthwash. Then, participants will eat 50 g of white bread and blood glucose will be measured (fingertips) every 30 min for the following 2 hours. Another saliva sample will be collected at the end of each test.

Detailed Description

Blood glucose is measured at baseline and following food intake using a blood glucose meter (ACCU-CHEK Performa, Roche, USA). Participants are then provided with 10 mL of the assigned mouthwash according to randomisation. Mouthwashes are blinded for both researchers and participants, as they are prepared by an external individual, covered, and labelled with group numbers. This ensures that neither participants nor researchers can identify the treatment allocation.

Oral rinsing is performed for 2 minutes before participants spit out the mouthwash. The mouthwashes used include:

Chlorhexidine di-gluconate (0.2%) (Corsodyl, GlaxoSmithKline, England) Placebo (water with yellow food colouring)

Following the mouth rinse, participants consume a pre-weighed breakfast meal consisting of 40 g of Hubbard's Foodstore® strawberry jam (Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd., London, UK) spread over 50 g of soft white bread (Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd., Northern Ireland, UK).

Blood glucose measurements are taken at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post-meal.Baseline blood glucose values are used as reference points. For analysis, only the differences between baseline and subsequent time-point measurements are considered. The mean iAUC is calculated for each mouthwash condition (chlorhexidine and placebo).

Each participant completes the protocol twice, once for each mouthwash condition, with a minimum washout period of 48 hours between sessions.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2022-06-08
• Status Verified: 2025-09
• Study First Submitted: 2025-09-11
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-09-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-09-12
• Study First Posted: 2025-09-15
• Last Update Posted: 2025-09-19
• Primary Completion: 2025-12-10
• Study Completion: 2026-06-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 45

Inclusion Criteria

Healthy adults (> 18 years/old)

Exclusion Criteria

The main exclusion criteria is pregnancy, people following cancer treatment, taking immunosuppressant or antibiotics and using antibacterial mouthwash for less than 2 weeks before the study.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Blood glucose	2 hours

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Plymouth; 🇬🇧 Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom