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Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension in High-risk Cardiac Surgery Patients Using Inhalational and Intravenous Agents

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Cardiac Failure
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Abnormality
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT04718350
Lead Sponsor
Aretaieion University Hospital
Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to examine and compare the effect of Levosimendan and Milrinone administered intravenously and via inhalation respectively in cardiac surgery patients with pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction.

Detailed Description

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder hemodynamically characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and pressure. This can lead to right ventricle pressure overload and failure, which is worsened by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and extracorporeal circulation and is accompanied by high rates of morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery patients. Pharmacological agents used to decrease pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricle afterload are prostaglandins, iloprost, milrinone, nitric oxide (NO) and recently Levosimendan. These agents can be administered intravenously or via inhalation.

In this study, the intravenous administration of Levosimendan will be compared with the inhalational use of milrinone in patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing cardiac surgery.

In this setting, 40 patients with PH caused by left sided heart disease, will be assigned into two groups:

GROUP A: Intravenous administration of Levosimendan in dosage 6mcg/kg after induction of anesthesia.

GROUP B: Inhalational administration of milrinone in dosage 50mcg/kg after induction of anesthesia.

Before and after the administration of the drug, heart function will be evaluated by hemodynamic measurements obtained by the Swan-Ganz catheter. These parameters will be heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output (CO), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) will also be used.

This study will lead to conclusions regarding the effectiveness of intravenous administration of Levosimendan and inhalational use of Milrinone in the treatment of right heart failure and PH in cardiac surgery patients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria
  • patients with pulmonary hypertension due to left ventricular dysfunction based on echocardiographic diagnosis preoperatively
  • elective cardiac surgery
Exclusion Criteria
  • primary pulmonary hypertension
  • thromboembolic disease
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • emergency surgery
  • redo surgery
  • inability to consent to the study

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Intravenous administration of Levosimendan at a dosage of 6 mcg/kg after induction of anesthesialevosimendan at a dose of 6 mcg/kgin this group, 6 mcg/kg of levosimendan will be administered intravenously after anesthesia induction, aiming at prevention of pulmonary hypertension post bypass
Inhalational administration of Milrinone at a dosage of 50 mcg/kg after induction of anesthesiamilrinone at a dose of 50 mcg/kgin this group, 50 mcg/kg of milrinone will be administered via inhalation after anesthesia induction, aiming at prevention of pulmonary hypertension post bypass
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
change from baseline in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

a Swan-Ganz catheter will be used for hemodynamic measurements

change from baseline in mean arterial pressure (MAP)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

a Swan-Ganz catheter will be used for hemodynamic measurements

change from baseline in systemic vascular resistance (SVR)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

a Swan-Ganz catheter will be used for hemodynamic measurements

length of ICU staypostoperatively, an average period of 7-10 days

duration of patient stay in ICU in days

hospitalization timepostoperatively, up to 20 days after the operation

duration of hospital stay after surgery in days

change from baseline in fractional area change20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography will be used for echocardiographic measurements

change from baseline in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

a Swan-Ganz catheter will be used for hemodynamic measurements

change from baseline in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

a Swan-Ganz catheter will be used for hemodynamic measurements

change from baseline in cardiac output (CO)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

a Swan-Ganz catheter will be used for hemodynamic measurements

change from baseline in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)20 minutes after vasodilator administration, at the end of surgery and 2 hours after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission

transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography will be used for echocardiographic measurements

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center

🇬🇷

Athens, Greece

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