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A Study Comparing Dulaglutide With Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and Moderate or Severe Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Type 2 Diabetes
Chronic Kidney Disease
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT01621178
Lead Sponsor
Eli Lilly and Company
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the glycemic efficacy and safety of dulaglutide compared to insulin glargine in the treatment of participants with type 2 diabetes and moderate or severe chronic kidney disease.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
577
Inclusion Criteria
  • Men and non-pregnant women aged ≥18 years
  • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥7.5% and ≤10.5%
  • Type 2 diabetes on insulin or insulin + oral antihyperglycemic medication
  • Participants with presumed diabetic kidney disease with or without hypertensive nephrosclerosis diagnosed with moderate or severe CKD with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥15 to <60 milliliters per minute (mL/min)/1.73 meter squared (m^2)
  • Able and willing to perform multiple daily injections
  • Body mass index (BMI) between 23 and 45 kilogram/square meter (kg/m^2)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Stage 5 CKD as defined by eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m^2 OR having required dialysis
  • Rapidly progressing renal dysfunction likely to require renal replacement
  • History of a transplanted organ
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus
  • At screening a systolic blood pressure of ≥150 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mmHg with or without antihypertensive medication
  • An episode of ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar state/coma in the past 6 months or a history of severe hypoglycemia in the past 3 months prior to the Screening Visit
  • Cardiovascular conditions within 12 weeks prior to randomization: acute myocardial infarction, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or class IV heart failure, or cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
  • Acute or chronic hepatitis
  • Signs and symptoms of chronic or acute pancreatitis, or were in the past diagnosed with pancreatitis
  • Serum calcitonin ≥35 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL) at Screening Visit
  • Self or family history of medullary C-cell hyperplasia, focal hyperplasia, or carcinoma
  • Known history of untreated proliferative retinopathy

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
1.5 mg DulaglutideInsulin lispro1.5 mg of dulaglutide was administered once weekly as a SC injection. Participants were instructed to administer their titrated prandial insulin lispro dose SC with the three most significant meals of the day.
Insulin glargineInsulin glargineInsulin glargine was administered subcutaneously (SC) at bedtime per a modified forced-titration treat-to-target algorithm. Participants were instructed to administer their titrated prandial insulin lispro dose SC with the three most significant meals of the day.
Insulin glargineInsulin lisproInsulin glargine was administered subcutaneously (SC) at bedtime per a modified forced-titration treat-to-target algorithm. Participants were instructed to administer their titrated prandial insulin lispro dose SC with the three most significant meals of the day.
0.75 mg DulaglutideDulaglutide0.75 milligram (mg) of dulaglutide was administered once weekly as a SC injection. Participants were instructed to administer their titrated prandial insulin lispro dose SC with the three most significant meals of the day.
0.75 mg DulaglutideInsulin lispro0.75 milligram (mg) of dulaglutide was administered once weekly as a SC injection. Participants were instructed to administer their titrated prandial insulin lispro dose SC with the three most significant meals of the day.
1.5 mg DulaglutideDulaglutide1.5 mg of dulaglutide was administered once weekly as a SC injection. Participants were instructed to administer their titrated prandial insulin lispro dose SC with the three most significant meals of the day.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)Baseline, 26 Weeks

HbA1c is a form of hemoglobin that is measured primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time. Least square (LS) means in HbA1c were calculated using a restricted maximum likelihood (REML) based mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with the change in HbA1c as the dependent variable and treatment, macroalbuminuria (MA) region, Baseline CKD Severity, week, treatment\*week, baseline HbA1c (%), log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), and participant was the random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants Whose HbA1c Was <8.0%26 Weeks

Percentage of Participants whose HbA1c was \<8.0% based on last observation carried forward (LOCF).

Change From Baseline in 8-Point Self-Monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG)Baseline, 26 Weeks

The daily mean of 8-point SMPG profile at Week 26 is presented. Participants were required to perform two 8-point SMPG profiles over a 1-week period at 5 separate times throughout the study. LS means were calculated using the MMRM model including the corresponding baseline value as a continuous covariate, as well as baseline HbA1c, MA-region, treatment, week, treatment\*week, baseline CKD severity, and log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity).The two 8-point SMPG profiles were collected on two non-consecutive days (pre-meal and 2-hour postprandial SMPG x \[morning, midday, and evening meals in one day\] + bedtime + 5 hours after bedtime).

Change From Baseline in Serum Creatinine (sCr)Baseline, 26 Weeks

Change from baseline in serum creatinine (sCr) levels after treatment.

Rate of Hypoglycemic EventsBaseline through 26 Weeks

Hypoglycemic events (HE) were classified as total HE rate, documented symptomatic hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia, and nocturnal. The 1-year adjusted rate of HEs was summarized cumulatively at 26 weeks. A summary of other nonserious AEs, and all SAEs, regardless of causality, is located in the Reported Adverse Events section.

Participants With Events of Allergic/Hypersensitivity ReactionsBaseline through 52 Weeks

Participants with Events of Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reactions: Angioedema Standardized MedDRA Query (SMQ), Anaphylactic Reaction SMQ, or Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions SMQ

Percentage of Participants Whose HbA1c Was <7.0%26 Weeks

Percentage of participants whose HbA1c was \<7.0% based on last observation carried forward (LOCF).

Change From Baseline in Fasting Glucose (FG)Baseline, 26 Weeks

LS means were calculated using MMRM with the change in FG as the dependent variable and treatment, MA -region, Baseline CKD Severity, week, treatment\*week, baseline FG, baseline HbA1c (%), log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), and participant was the random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured

Change From Baseline in Estimated Creatinine Clearance (eCrCl)Baseline, 26 Weeks

Estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCl) was calculated by Cockcroft-Gault \[Cockcroft and Gault 1976\] equation using baseline estimated lean body weight.

Change From Baseline in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)Baseline, 26 Weeks

The change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by using CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equation.

Change From Baseline in Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio (UACR)Baseline, 26 Weeks

The change from baseline in Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio (UACR).

Change From Baseline in Mean Daily Insulin Lispro DoseBaseline, 26 Weeks

The mean daily insulin was based on a 4-week interval prior to week 26 assessments. LS means were calculated using a REML based mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with the change in mean daily insulin as the dependent variable and treatment, MA-region, Baseline HbA1c, baseline mean daily insulin, baseline CKD Severity, week, treatment\*week, log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), and participant was the random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured.

Percentage of Participants Whose HbA1c is <7.0%52 Weeks

Percentage of participants whose HbA1c was \<7.0% based on last observation carried forward (LOCF).

Percentage of Participants Whose HbA1c is <8.0%52 Weeks

Percentage of participants whose HbA1c was \<8.0% based on last observation carried forward (LOCF).

Percentage of Participants With Estimated Average Glucose <154 mg/dL52 Weeks

Percentage of Participants With Estimated Average Glucose \<154 milligram/deciliter (mg/dL) was based on last observation carried forward (LOCF).

Change From Baseline in Body WeightBaseline, 52 Weeks

LS means were calculated from a REML based MMRM model: Change from Baseline = treatment , week, treatment\*Week, MA-region, Baseline HbA1c (%), Baseline Body Weight (kg), Baseline CKD Severity, Log Baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), where participant enters the model as a random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured.

Percentage of Participants With Self-Reported Hypoglycemic Events (HE)Baseline through 52 Weeks

Hypoglycemic events (HE) were classified as severe (defined as an episode requiring the assistance of another person to actively administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions), documented symptomatic (defined as any time a participant feels that he/she is experiencing symptoms and/or signs associated with hypoglycemia, and has a plasma glucose level of ≤3.9 mmol/L (≤70 mg/dL), nocturnal (defined as any hypoglycemic event that occurs between bedtime and waking). The number of self-reported hypoglycemic events was summarized cumulatively at 52 weeks. A summary of other nonserious AEs, and all SAEs, regardless of causality, is located in the Reported Adverse Events section.

Change From Baseline in HbA1cBaseline, 52 Weeks

HbA1c is a form of hemoglobin that is measured primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time. LS means in HbA1c were calculated using a REML based mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with the change in HbA1c as the dependent variable and treatment, MA region, Baseline CKD Severity, week, treatment\*week, baseline HbA1c (%), log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), and participant was the random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured.

Change From Baseline in FGBaseline, 52 Weeks

LS means were calculated using MMRM with the change in FG as the dependent variable and treatment, MA -region, Baseline CKD Severity, week, treatment\*week, baseline FG, baseline HbA1c (%), log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), and participant was the random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured

Change From Baseline in eCrClBaseline, 52 Weeks

eCrCl was calculated by Cockcroft-Gault \[Cockcroft and Gault 1976\] equation using baseline estimated lean body weight.

Change From Baseline in UACRBaseline, 52 Weeks

The change from baseline in UACR

Change in Mean Daily Insulin Lispro DoseBaseline, 52 Weeks

The mean daily insulin was based on a 4-week interval prior to week 52 assessments. LS means were calculated using a REML based mixed-effects model for repeated measures (MMRM) with the change in mean daily insulin as the dependent variable and treatment, MA-region, Baseline HbA1c, baseline mean daily insulin, baseline CKD Severity, week, treatment\*week, log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity), and participant was the random effect. Covariance structure = Unstructured.

Change From Baseline in eGFRBaseline, 52 Weeks

The change in eGFR by using CKD-EPI equation.

Rate of Hypoglycemic Events (HE)Baseline through 52 Weeks

HE were classified as total HE rate, documented symptomatic hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia, and nocturnal. The 1-year adjusted rate of HEs was summarized cumulatively at 52 weeks. A summary of other nonserious AEs, and all SAEs, regardless of causality, is located in the Reported Adverse Events section.

Change From Baseline in 8-Point SMPGBaseline, 52 Weeks

The daily mean of 8-point SMPG profile at Week 52 is presented. Participants were required to perform two 8-point SMPG profiles over a 1-week period at 5 separate times throughout the study. LS means were calculated using the MMRM model including the corresponding baseline value as a continuous covariate, as well as baseline HbA1c, MA-region, treatment, week, treatment\*week, baseline CKD severity, and log baseline eGFR (within CKD severity).The two 8-point SMPG profiles were collected on two non-consecutive days (pre-meal and 2-hour postprandial SMPG x \[morning, midday, and evening meals in one day\] + bedtime + 5 hours after bedtime).

Change From Baseline in sCrBaseline, 52 Weeks

Change from baseline in sCr levels after treatment.

Trial Locations

Locations (47)

Academic Medical Research Institute

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

Extended Arm Physician, Inc.

🇺🇸

Montgomery, Alabama, United States

Infosphere

🇺🇸

West Hills, California, United States

Discovery Medical Research Group

🇺🇸

Ocala, Florida, United States

Boise Kidney & Hypertension Institute

🇺🇸

Caldwell, Idaho, United States

East Coast Clinical Research

🇺🇸

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Office of Dr. Sergio Rovner

🇺🇸

El Paso, Texas, United States

Erie County Medical Center State University

🇺🇸

Buffalo, New York, United States

The Center for Diabetes & Endocrine Care

🇺🇸

Hollywood, Florida, United States

Renal Consultants Medical Group

🇺🇸

Granada Hills, California, United States

Pacific Renal Research Institute

🇺🇸

Meridian, Idaho, United States

Physicians East

🇺🇸

Greenville, North Carolina, United States

Endocrine Group, LLP

🇺🇸

Albany, New York, United States

Institute for clinical studies

🇺🇸

Rosedale, New York, United States

Penobscot Bay Medical Center

🇺🇸

Rockport, Maine, United States

Providence Health & Services

🇺🇸

Spokane, Washington, United States

Partners in Nephrology & Endocrinology

🇺🇸

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Endocrine Associates, LLC

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Juno Research

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

The Endocrine Center

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Marin Endocrine Associates

🇺🇸

Greenbrae, California, United States

North American Research Institute

🇺🇸

Azusa, California, United States

Ocean Blue Medical Research Center, Inc.

🇺🇸

Miami Springs, Florida, United States

Suncoast Clinical Research

🇺🇸

Palm Harbor, Florida, United States

Endocrine Associates of Long Island, PC

🇺🇸

Smithtown, New York, United States

Carolina Diabetes & Kidney Ctr. Sumter Medical Specialist

🇺🇸

Sumter, South Carolina, United States

For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.

🇺🇦

Ternopil, Ukraine

San Marcus Research Clinic, Inc.

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Pharmax Research Clinic

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Avanced Medical and Pain Mangement Research Clinic (AMPM)

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Baptist Diabetes Association

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Univ of Kansas Schl of Medicine , Wichita

🇺🇸

Wichita, Kansas, United States

Cotton O'Neil Clinic

🇺🇸

Topeka, Kansas, United States

San Antonio Kidney Disease Center Physicians Group

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Sutter Gould Medical Foundation

🇺🇸

Modesto, California, United States

Carolina Clinical Trials LLC

🇺🇸

Concord, North Carolina, United States

Endocrine Associates of Dallas

🇺🇸

Dallas, Texas, United States

Diabetes & Endocrinology Consultants PC

🇺🇸

Morehead City, North Carolina, United States

Boice Willis Clinic, PA

🇺🇸

Rocky Mount, North Carolina, United States

Knoxville Kidney Center, PLLC

🇺🇸

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Chase Medical Research, LLC

🇺🇸

Waterbury, Connecticut, United States

Nebraska Nephrology Research Institute, LLC

🇺🇸

Lincoln, Nebraska, United States

Southeast Renal Research Institute

🇺🇸

Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States

South Carolina Nephrology and Hypertension Center, Inc.

🇺🇸

Orangeburg, South Carolina, United States

University of Hawaii Clinical Research

🇺🇸

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

Center For Clinical Research

🇺🇸

Austin, Texas, United States

Thomas Jefferson University

🇺🇸

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

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