Controlling Hypertension Outcomes by Improved Communication & Engagement

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Stroke
Hypertension

Interventions: Behavioral: Video-Assisted Coaching
Other: Informational Guide for Patients
Other: Control
Behavioral: Educational Coaching
Other: Monograph for Physicians

Registration Number: NCT01134887

Lead Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development

Brief Summary: This randomized control study tested the feasibility of two communication enhancement interventions: one with veterans who had a stroke and demonstrated poorly controlled hypertension; the other with VA primary care providers who provided routine outpatient medical care to these veterans. This study intervened with both members of the provider-patient dyad in an attempt to improve the self-management of hypertension by improving communication during visits to the VA outpatient clinic, specifically by enabling veterans to communicate their questions and concerns about chronic disease self-management to their providers more effectively, and to help providers improve their ability to communicate more effectively with this population of veterans.

Detailed Description: The communication intervention had two goals; (a) coaching to enhance veteran's abilities to communicate their questions and concerns about self-management for hypertension to their physician; and (b) improving provider's communication skills for enhancing and encouraging self-management of hypertension.

A health educator met with each participating veteran in the intervention arm prior to the 2nd visit to develop a plan for enhancing communication about self-management of hypertension.

The PI provided the Four Habits communication training to the 5 primary care providers in the intervention arm. Two clinic visits between each participating provider-patient pair were videotaped and coded.

This project had a goal of enrolling 10 VA primary care providers to participate in the randomized control trial and 30 veterans (3 veterans from the panel of each of the 10 participating providers) who had a stroke and now demonstrated poorly controlled hypertension. The study evaluated the difference between the two groups, and compared the content of the provider-patient conversations around hypertension management.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 26

Inclusion Criteria

Veteran:

Veteran is a patient of the enrolled provider
History of prior stroke
Poorly controlled hypertension with at least one measurement >140/90 mm Hg in the past 12 months
Complete a 6-item screen for cognitive and language impairment with a score of 3 or higher
Sign the VA Media consent for use of picture and/or voice

Provider:

Primary care provider, Medicine Service
Sign VA media consent for use of picture and/or voice

Exclusion Criteria

Life expectancy is less than 6 months
Non-English language patients
Inability to provide informed consent

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Arm 3: Intervention-Physicians	Video-Assisted Coaching	Primary care providers randomly assigned to the "Intervention-Physicians" arm of this study received a copy of the Four Habits of Highly Effective Physicians \[Monograph for Physicians\]. The Four Habits provided practical evidence-based advice for improving patient-physician communication. Second, physicians participated in an audiotaped intensive 30 minute, one-on-one educational intervention with PI Frankel after their first set of visits from their three participating patients \[Video-Assisted Coaching\], but before seeing them for follow-ups. The main goal of this meeting was to review and discuss the analysis of the physician's videotaped visits using the Four Habits framework, with a particular focus on improving communication about self-management.
Arm 2: Control-Veterans	Informational Guide for Patients	Veterans enrolled in the "Control-Veterans" arm received a copy of the NIA guide for "Talking with Your Doctor" \[Informational Guide for Patients\]. This pamphlet was specifically developed for this purpose (updated in 2002). It has pictorials and is written at an 8th grade level.
Arm 1: Intervention-Veterans	Educational Coaching	Veterans enrolled in the "Intervention-Veterans" arm received a copy of the NIA guide for "Talking with Your Doctor" \[Informational Guide for Patients\]. Just prior to their next scheduled visit an educator met with each Veteran in the intervention arm individually for 20-30 minutes to review the material in the pamphlet and develop a plan for enhancing communication about self-management of hypertension with their doctor \[Educational Coaching\]. To facilitate communication change, the educator assisted the patient in setting a goal to achieve during their visit. The educator also provided telephone follow-up within 24 hours to review satisfaction and effectiveness of the visit and assess barriers and facilitators to communicating about self-management.
Arm 1: Intervention-Veterans	Informational Guide for Patients	Veterans enrolled in the "Intervention-Veterans" arm received a copy of the NIA guide for "Talking with Your Doctor" \[Informational Guide for Patients\]. Just prior to their next scheduled visit an educator met with each Veteran in the intervention arm individually for 20-30 minutes to review the material in the pamphlet and develop a plan for enhancing communication about self-management of hypertension with their doctor \[Educational Coaching\]. To facilitate communication change, the educator assisted the patient in setting a goal to achieve during their visit. The educator also provided telephone follow-up within 24 hours to review satisfaction and effectiveness of the visit and assess barriers and facilitators to communicating about self-management.
Arm 3: Intervention-Physicians	Monograph for Physicians	Primary care providers randomly assigned to the "Intervention-Physicians" arm of this study received a copy of the Four Habits of Highly Effective Physicians \[Monograph for Physicians\]. The Four Habits provided practical evidence-based advice for improving patient-physician communication. Second, physicians participated in an audiotaped intensive 30 minute, one-on-one educational intervention with PI Frankel after their first set of visits from their three participating patients \[Video-Assisted Coaching\], but before seeing them for follow-ups. The main goal of this meeting was to review and discuss the analysis of the physician's videotaped visits using the Four Habits framework, with a particular focus on improving communication about self-management.
Arm 4: Control-Physicians	Control	Primary care providers randomly assigned to the "Control-Physicians" arm of the study did not receive coaching or additional resources, and conducted their primary care practice as usual \[Control\].

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Patient Activation Measure	12 months	Veteran self-management of hypertension measured via the 13-item, (0-100 point range), Patient Activation Measure (PAM). Administered at baseline (1st visit) and after each additional follow-up visit during the next 12-months (+2 max). Rasch conversion changed raw scores to the PAM interval measure. Reported outcome is difference in mean PAM scores at baseline and during 12-month follow-up. If a participant had two PAM scores during the follow-up period, the average of the two was taken to calculate a combined follow-up score. Higher PAM scores represent higher levels of self-activation. Research on the PAM measure indicates that each point increase in PAM score correlates to a 2% decrease in hospitalization and a 2% increase in medication adherence. Ranges for Baseline PAM scores: Intervention = 46.1 (min) to 84.3 (max); Control = 43.2 (min) to 77 (max). Ranges for Follow-up PAM scores: Intervention = 48.4 (min) to 100 (max); Control = 45.1 (min) to 80.1 (max).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Trial Locations

Locations (2): Richard Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis
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Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
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Indianapolis, Indiana, United States