Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disease significantly impacting live quality. Two recent studies from North America and Japan revealed a surprisingly high prevalence for RLS in Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis (30% and 21%, respectively). The underlying cause for this high prevalence remains elusive at this point.

To address this gap, a cohort of 353 IBD patients from a tertiary IBD centre was prospectively evaluated by our IBD team as well as by the colleagues from neurology. IBD patients (age ≥ 18 years) presenting at our IBD outpatient clinic (tertiary referral center) between February 2014 and February 2015 were prospectively recruited for the study after written consent. The study was approved (16 January 2014) by the ethics committee of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin (reference EA4/132/13). Patients were screened for symptoms of iron deficiency (ID) and RLS by a self-developed questionnaire and explored for RLS symptoms by a gastroenterologist. When at least one symptom of RLS was present, patients were referred to a neurologist for RLS or differential diagnosis.

Additionally patients with RLS symptoms were screened for iron-, folic acid- and vitamin B12-deficiency. If a deficiency was detected, patients were substituted. In patients with deficiencies, follow-up visits were scheduled at week 4 and 11 after starting supplementation. Follow-up visits were conducted by the neurologist and the IRLS was performed in all patients at each visit.