Tibialis Posterior Fatigue and Plantar Pressure

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to find out the changes in the measurable parameters of the dynamic and static position of the foot, caused by the tibialis posterior muscle which is activated by the fatigue protocol. The study includes 30 healthy patients whose socio-demographic and descriptive characteristics are held. The changes in the dynamic and static position of foot were measured by pedobarography whereas the level of fatigue was measured by Borg Fatigue Scale.

Detailed Description: The purpose of this study is to find out the changes in the measurable parameters of the dynamic and static position of the foot, caused by the tibialis posterior muscle which is activated by the fatigue protocol. The study includes 30 healthy patients whose socio-demographic and descriptive characteristics are held. The changes in the dynamic and static position of foot were measured by pedobarography whereas the level of fatigue was measured by Borg Fatigue Scale. The variables were investigated using Shapiro-Wilk's test to determine the normality. The student's t-test for paired samples were used to analyse, means (X), standard deviations (SD), 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), mean difference and Cohen's d-effect size were calculated. The significance level was set at .05. The effect size was considered 'small' if d= .20; 'medium' if .d=.5; 'large' if d= .8.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

All participants were currently free from congenital or traumatic deformity to either lower extremity,
A history of foot pain,
Prior history of surgery to the foot and lower extremity
A traumatic injury to the ankle or foot 12 months prior to the start of data collection.

Exclusion Criteria

Participants were excluded from this study if they had any orthopedic or neurological disorder, need to use an assistive device or orthoses.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
One group	Muscle fatigue protocol	Only one group was assessed before and after performing muscle fatigue protocol.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Peak Plantar Pressures of the foot	1 month	The plantar pressure profiles were divided into 10 anatomical regions by using software support. These regions corresponded to followings : hallux (toe1), toes 2-5, first to fifth metatarsals (Meta1, Meta2, Meta3, Meta4, and Meta5), mid foot (MF), medial heel (MH), and lateral heel (LH). Peak pressure (PP, Newton-N) was analysed for all regions separately.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Foot axis angle	1 month	Foot axis angle (FAA) was recorded in unit of degree (o). The right foot of each subjects was chosen to be analysed to maintain independence of data. In line with this, all tests' first and third trials were exculeded from statistical analysis, because of avoiding acclimatization and boredom or tiredness.
Contact area of the foot	1 month	The percentage of the contact area (CA%) of forefoot (FF), midfoot (MF) and hindfoot (HF) was recorded. The right foot of each subjects was chosen to be analysed to maintain independence of data. In line with this, all tests' first and third trials were exculeded from statistical analysis, because of avoiding acclimatization and boredom or tiredness.
Static plantar pressure	1 month	The plantar pressure profiles were divided into 10 anatomical regions by using software support. These regions corresponded to followings : hallux (toe1), toes 2-5, first to fifth metatarsals (Meta1, Meta2, Meta3, Meta4, and Meta5), mid foot (MF), medial heel (MH), and lateral heel (LH). Peak pressure (PP, Newton-N) was analysed for all regions separately.
Subtalar angle	1 month	Minimum and maximum value of the subtalar angle (STA) was recorded in unit of degree (o). The right foot of each subjects was chosen to be analysed to maintain independence of data. In line with this, all tests' first and third trials were exculeded from statistical analysis, because of avoiding acclimatization and boredom or tiredness.