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TranExamic Atomized for Pediatric Post-Operative Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage

Early Phase 1
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Hemorrhage, Surgical
Tonsillar Bleeding
Interventions
Drug: Tranexamic Acid Injectable Product
Other: Normal Saline
Registration Number
NCT06580509
Lead Sponsor
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Brief Summary

After a child has their tonsils removed, sometimes they might bleed which can be a problem. There is a special mist medicine called nebulized tranexamic acid (TXA) that might help stop the bleeding without having to touch the sore spot. If this mist works well, it could help kids get better by making sure they don't have to go back for more surgery or need blood from someone else. Not having another surgery is good because it means kids won't have to sleep under medicine again, which can sometimes be risky for their brains and breathing, and they won't feel as scared or hurt.

Detailed Description

The study intervention involves administering nebulized tranexamic acid (TXA) to pediatric patients with traumatic hemorrhage (PTH). The intervention consists of three consecutive doses of nebulized TXA.

The dosage of nebulized TXA is adjusted based on the child's weight. For children weighing more than 25 kg, each dose is 500 mg. For children weighing less than 25 kg, each dose is 250 mg.

Frequency: The three doses of nebulized TXA are administered consecutively over the course of approximately an hour. Administration Method: Nebulized TXA is delivered through a nebulizer device. A nebulizer converts the liquid medication into a fine mist or aerosol, which is then inhaled by the patient. This method allows the medication to be delivered directly to the respiratory tract, where it can exert its effect on the bleeding site. Delivery Setting: The intervention may take place in a clinical setting, such as a hospital or outpatient clinic, where nebulizer devices and medical supervision are readily available. Each patient receives three nebulized independent doses of TXA in succession. The delivery of the intervention is carried out by healthcare professionals trained in administering nebulized medications.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
12
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Received a tonsillectomy
  2. Presents to the ED with secondary* post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage
  3. Children between age of 2 to 17 years of age (i.e., before their 18th birthday) *Secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage is defined as greater than 24 hours from their primary tonsillectomy operation (arrival in recovery/PACU).
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Known and documented bleeding or clotting disorder.
  2. Known pregnancy.
  3. Patients with known hypersensitivity or allergic response to tranexamic acid.
  4. Parents or guardians who cannot communicate in English or Spanish.
  5. Intubation prior to enrollment.
  6. Previously enrolled patients.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Nebulized Tranexamic AcidTranexamic Acid Injectable ProductSubjects will be adminstered nebulized TXA post-tonsillectomy if they return to the emergency room with hemorrhage after surgery
Nebulized SalineNormal SalineSubjects will be adminstered nebulized saline post-tonsillectomy if they return to the emergency room with hemorrhage after surgery
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of patients enrolled per monthBaseline to 18 months (or duration of study)

Assess target enrollment of patients per site per month.

Number of nebulizations per patientBaseline to 18 months (or duration of study)

Evaluate the ability to nebulize at least two doses of TXA to children with PTH

Indirect local concentration of nebulized TXAImmediately post nebulizer treatment (within 60 minutes) and then within 8 hours.

Limited data on nebulized TXA systematic absorption. Topical PK studies of TXA document a significant reduction in systematic levels but the same hemostasis effect. Collection of two blood samples from each participant. This will verify a pulmonary physiological-based PK model (PBPK) (i.e., nasal cavity, pharynx, and lung) that indirectly predicts the oropharyngeal and systematic concentration of nebulized TXA.

Systemic Concentration of nebulized TXAImmediately post nebulizer treatment (within 60 minutes) and up to eights hours.

Pharmacokinetics samples will be collected after completion of the last nebulized treatment received within sixty minutes. A second time point should then be collected after sixty minutes up to eight hours from last nebulization, separated from the previous time point by at least sixty to ninety minutes. The serum TXA levels will be used to verify a TXA Physiological-based Pharmacokinetic model and determine the population variability. This PBPK model is built by our research pharmacist based on extensive research already completed on TXA distribution and metabolism. Once the model is built, the investigators only need a one to two samples to determine if the model accurately reflects collect samples. The investigators will develop a base model to determine a best-fit compartmental model, distribution, and elimination kinetics. The investigators will also use stochastic models to evaluate between-subject variability in PK parameters.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of return visits to the ORBaseline to 18 months (or duration of study)

The need for return to the Operating Room (OR) for surgical management of PTH) will be followed for up to seven days after randomization

Estimated blood lossBaseline to 7 days

Determine the estimated blood loss per participant

Number of recurrences of PTHBaseline to 18 months (or duration of study)

Number of participants in which there was a recurrence of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage after the study drug was administered

Number of blood transfusions requiredBaseline to 18 months (or duration of study)

Blood product transfusion volume will be measured at discharge or 24 hours (whichever comes first). This will include the volume of packed red blood cells, platelets, plasma, cryoprecipitate, or whole blood. Any mention of blood loss in electronic health records from emergency, anesthesiology, or surgeons' notes will be recorded.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Hospital

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

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